Study On Welfare Effect Of Fiscal Expenditure For The Sloping Land Conversion Program

A sound ecological environment is essential to the survival and development of mankind and is of great significance to the improvement of people’s livelihood.Financial input is an important means of ecological protection in China and plays an important role in the field of ecological protection.As the protection means of the national finance in the field of ecology,since 1998,China has successively launched a number of key forestry projects,such as the the Natural Forest Conservation Program(NFCP),the Sloping Land Conversion Program(SLCP)and invested a huge amount of financial funds as the guarantee of the project implementation.Among them,the Sloping Land Conversion Program is by far the strongest policy,the largest amount of investment,the widest range of ecological construction project involving the highest level of public participation in China,the largest project to strengthen agriculture and benefit agriculture,and the largest ecological construction project in the world.The multi-objective and permanence of the project cannot be separated from the support of financial funds.It is an inevitable logical starting point and operation goal to pursue the maximization of the benefit of the project financial expenditure.Based on the above background,this paper explores and studies the ecological welfare effect,economic welfare effect,social welfare effect and total welfare of the fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program.From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity and spatial spillover,this paper analyzes the welfare effect of fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program,and discusses the coupling coordination of ecological welfare,economic welfare and social welfare.This paper provides effective research results and relevant policy suggestions for promoting ecological civilization construction,improving social welfare and promoting forestry economic development.Based on the public goods theory,public finance theory,welfare economy theory and spatial econometrics theory,this paper fully investigates the fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program.Taking public finance as the entry point,using the provincial panel data of the areas of the Sloping Land Conversion Program from 2003 to 2017,the ecological welfare effect,economic welfare effect and social welfare effect of fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program were evaluated comprehensively by using the geographically weighted model,the spatial dynamic panel model and the coupling coordination degree model.Ecological welfare is measured from the perspective of natural environment and ecological security,economic welfare is measured from the perspective of economic scale,production efficiency,industrial structure and income level,and social welfare is measured from the aspects of employment and security and residents’ life.On this basis,from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity and spatial spillover,the paper analyzes the three welfare effects,the total welfare effects and their influencing factors of the fiscal expenditure of SLCP,and investigates the influence of financial expenditure for SLCP on the coupling coordination of the three kinds of welfare.This paper concludes that fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program can improve the ecological welfare,economic welfare,social welfare and total welfare to a certain extent,and puts forward some policy suggestions to improve the fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program and ensure the smooth implementation of the project.On the basis of reviewing and summarizing relevant literature,this paper first introduces the related concepts of the fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program and the related theoretical basis of the welfare effect analysis of fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program.Based on the introduction of the current situation of the fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program from the perspective of time and space,this paper analyzes the mechanism of the welfare effect of the fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program.This paper establishes the welfare effect evaluation system of fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program,including ecological welfare,economic welfare and social welfare,and obtains the evaluation scores of ecological welfare,economic welfare,social welfare and total welfare respectively by using the dynamic factor analysis method.This paper empirical analysis of various welfare effect of fiscal expenditure for SLCP,the first to use geographically weighted regression method to measure grain for green project various welfare effect of fiscal expenditure on the regional differences,secondly,spatial dynamic panel regression method is used to measure various welfare effect of fiscal expenditure for SLCP in the region between the overflow,once again,this paper analyzes the influence of financial expenditure for SLCP on the coupling coordination of ecological,economic and social welfare.Finally,according to the above theoretical and empirical analysis results,the paper puts forward policy suggestions to improve the welfare effect of fiscal expenditure for the Sloping Land Conversion Program.Through theoretical analysis and empirical research,this paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)The ecological welfare,economic welfare and social welfare in the areas of SLCP show significant spatial correlation.(2)The fiscal expenditure of the SLCP has a positive effect on the local ecological welfare,economic welfare,social welfare and the total welfare level.(3)From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity,the fiscal expenditure of SLCP can improve the level of local ecological welfare,economic welfare and social welfare on the whole,but the effect is different in different regions.The effect is more significant in some regions,but has no obvious effect on some regions.(4)From the perspective of spatial spillover,the fiscal expenditure for SLCP has a significant positive effect on the local ecological welfare,and has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on the surrounding areas.That is,it can improve the level of ecological welfare in the surrounding areas;it has a significant positive effect on the local economic welfare,but has no significant effect on the economic welfare of the surrounding areas.The fiscal expenditure for SLCP can improve the local social welfare level and the social welfare of surrounding areas.(5)The financial expenditure for SLCP can promote the coordinated development of ecology,economy and social welfare.In view of the above theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper puts forward policy suggestions to improve the welfare effect of fiscal expenditure of SLCP:(1)From the perspective of improving the ecological welfare effect,we should innovate the concept of afforestation,strengthen the management and protection of cultivated land,and change the concept from attaching importance to the local ecology to the harmonious development of the ecological environment in different regions.(2)To improve economic welfare by clarifying forest rights,improving ecological compensation mechanism,coordinating fiscal expenditure and other policies of the project of converting farmland to forest,increasing technical input in the project of SLCP,and developing subsequent industries of SLCP.(3)Increasing the proportion of subsidies to farmers,strengthening the input of labor training and improving the level of urbanization can help improve the social welfare effect of fiscal expenditure for SLCP.(4)Promote the coupled and coordinated development of ecological welfare,economic welfare and social welfare in the areas of SLCP.