| Since the urbanization of China,rural labor force,land and other factors of production have been continuously flowing to the cities,and the working and living space has been continuously degraded.The supply of rural public goods is insufficient,with an inefficient land use pattern.The New Rural Construction has achieved great success,but the development of rural industry needs more market support.In recent years,industrial and commercial capital goes to the countryside to make success and profit due to extensive enclosure of land,excessive commercialization and disguised development of real estate,while the villagers have a sense of relative deprivation.For rural construction,it is of great significance to balance the interests of local government,industrial and commercial capital and the village collective,while making good use of the funds,technology and capability advantages of industrial and commercial capital,and substantially improve the rural space and livelihood of villagers.This paper tries to explore the mode and method of rural construction based on the innovation of the local government system under the existing land institution,so as to provide the basis for the better realization of the symbiosis and co-prosperity of the village collective and the capital.With the rural construction as the main content,this paper forms a research path to advance layer by layer through five aspects: "institution cognition,subject grasp,mechanism analysis,mode generation and empirical research".Firstly,paper recognizes the transformation trend of rural land use right institution in a gradually integrated urban-rural land market.Centering on the circulation of collective land use right and land use,this paper sorts out the legislative process,national and local policies since the founding of new China,and understands the historical origin of the complex forms of rural land use.It is concluded that under the gradual change of land institution in China,the local policies centered on urban economic development play a more important role in governance,and the institution imposes welfare protection and economic restriction on the interest of village collective.The second part analyzes the subjectivity of village collective.From within the village collective,because of the scattered household management and the absence of collective management,the rural economic organization is in the state of "divided but not unified",lacking market competitiveness and efficiency.From the outside,village collective’s subjectivity is confronted with dual challenges: on one hand,industrial and commercial capital’s profit-seeking initiative,long-term land management and entrepreneurial social capital exert pressure on village collective;On the other hand,the local government produces the demand of economic growth and unbalanced rural public investment due to the competition for political achievements,which affects rural human capital and autonomy.Thirdly,paper analyzes the process and mechanism of interest imbalance of multisubjects.The process of industrial and commercial capital leading rural industry development and land use is analyzed from three aspects of "capability-goal-action".Planning land use optimization of enterprise value chain through large-scale land circulation and financing;In the process of capital space operation,the construction of physical space,consumer behavior and experience,as well as the individual labor of the staff including the villagers shall be fully controlled.The structural matching of the ability,goal and action of the elite alliance and the structural defect of the village collective lead to the maximization of the elite alliance interests in the process of rural construction and industrial development,while the latter suffer multiple visible and invisible losses.Fourth,put forward the precision empowerment space construction mode with the interest balance of multi-subjects.This paper puts forward the goal of balancing the interests of multi-subjects,and puts forward the construction strategy and implementation principle of precision empowerment space from four aspects: strengthening the subjectivity of village collective,industrial restructuring and spatial recomposition,dynamic function adjustment of the capital and village collective space,and co-shaping industrial and cultural featured landscape..Finally,taking Bimen village in Anji county as an example,conduct empirical research,and use the research results to provide theoretical support and methodological guidance.By the attitude close to the social reality,this paper tries to provide solutions for the improvement of the rural construction mode with multi-subjects participation under the background of institutional transformation.The results may be relative and partial,but the basic purpose is to stimulate the thinking and improvement of China’s rural construction mechanism and optimization strategy through the consideration of safeguarding and strengthening the interest of the village collective. |
