| In recent years,trade protectionism and anti-globalization have gradually risen.In addition to the continued spread of COVID-19 and the continued intensification of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine,the negative impact on the global industrial chain supply chain has been deepening and expanding.Under the threat of supply chain breakage and fragmentation of the industrial chain,the lack of resilience of some industrial chains in China has become prominent.Take the automobile industry chain as an example.Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic,China-US trade confrontation,and geopolitical conflicts,cross-border supply chains have been severely tested,resulting in the shortage of auto parts supply,and eventually forcing many auto enterprises to stop work and reduce production.In this context,the issue of industrial chain resilience has attracted high attention from enterprises and scholars in many countries.Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party Central Committee has attached great importance to overall development and security and has responded to changes in the external environment and potential risks and shocks by constantly adjusting and improving the industrial chain.The 2022 government work report requires continuously improving the support and driving capacity of the industrial chain supply chain and maintaining the security and stability of the industrial chain supply chain.The report of the 20 th CPC National Congress pointed out that efforts should be made to improve the resilience and security level of the industrial chain supply chain and promote the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of the quantity of the economy.Improving the resilience of the industrial chain is not only an important part of China’s modernization process of the industrial chain at this stage but also an essential part of enhancing economic resilience and achieving high-quality economic development.Based on this,how to improve the resilience of the industrial chain and ensure the stability of the industrial chain has become an urgent problem to be studied.However,most of the existing studies focus on the level of enterprise resilience and pay insufficient attention to industrial chain resilience.As a special economic chain,the resilience of the industrial chain is significantly different from that of a single enterprise due to the close network structure between enterprises in the chain.Therefore,to deeply analyze the impact of supply network structure formed by enterprises in the industrial chain on the resilience of the industrial chain,based on the perspective of supply chain network structure,this thesis constructs a research framework integrating supply chain network structure,industrial supply chain resilience and enterprise resilience.Based on the data of the supply chain network of 155 Chinese listed automobile enterprises in 2018 and 2021 collected by the Bloomberg database,the supply chain network of China’s automobile industry was described.On this basis,the multi-attribute decision-making method was used to identify important enterprises in the industrial chain,and the changing trend of the industrial supply chain structure was summarized by comparing the differences in the network characteristic indicators before and after the epidemic.Furthermore,the thesis explores the changes in the automobile supply chain network toughness under different risk disruptions through simulation and puts forward the supply chain network reconstruction method.Finally,the influence of supply chain network structure characteristics on enterprise toughness was analyzed,and the equivalent path of high enterprise resilience formed by different network structure characteristics combinations was explored from the perspective of configuration through fuzzy qualitative comparison.The main findings of this thesis are as follows:Firstly,domestic auto companies are rising,but some foreign companies still control core resources.Through the analysis of the node characteristics of the supply chain network of the automobile industry,it is found that some foreign enterprises,such as Faurecia Co.,LTD.,Bosch Co.,LTD.,Continental AG,Siemens,Zhongshan Broad-Ocean Motor Co.,Ltd,etc.,have a high betweenness centrality,which indicates that these enterprises control some core resources in the automobile industry chain.From the results of enterprise importance identification,FAW Jiefang ranked first with 0.991 importance value in 2018,BYD ranked first with 0.994 importance value in 2021,and the proportion of domestic enterprises in the top ten enterprises began to rise in two years,which indicates that domestic automobile enterprises are constantly rising and slowly occupying a leading position in the automobile industry.Secondly,to effectively respond to the impact of emergencies,the supply chain network of the automobile industry will develop in the direction of farther distance from the market and more sparse supply chain relations.Through the correlation analysis and difference analysis of the node indicators by SPSS software,the research found that there are correlations and certain differences between each indicator.Compared with 2018,the average value of eccentricity in 2021 increased by 4.9%,and the average value of proximity to centrality in 2021 decreased by 5.8%,both of which showed significant differences at 0.05 level.This indicates that enterprises in the industrial chain have a long distance from the market and a longer relationship between enterprises and their partners.Thirdly,enterprises with more suppliers and customers and more resources have a greater impact on the resilience of the industrial supply chain.Through simulation of supply chain resilience changes under random and target disruptions,it is found that random networks show better resilience under degree centrality interruption,while scalefree networks and real networks show a downward trend in resilience.However,scale-free networks with other target interrupts have better network resilience except for degree centrality interrupts.At the same time,it is found that the destructive power of degree centrality,betweenness centrality,eigenvector centrality,and closeness centrality on supply chain resilience weakens successively,and the impact of eccentricity interruption and clustering coefficient interruption on network resilience is not significant,especially the change of degree centrality and betweenness centrality is the most obvious.This indicates that enterprises with a high degree centrality and betweenness centrality in the supply chain network are crucial to the improvement of network resilience.Fourthly,the resilience of the reconstructed supply chain network is better than that of the random network and the scale-free network.Based on the consideration of degree,efficiency,and importance,a restructuring method of the automotive supply chain network was proposed.It was found that the reconstructed automobile supply chain network was superior to the scale-free network and random network under four supply chain resilience indexes through simulating random and target interruption.Although a restructured supply chain network is not the optimal network for all types of outages,it provides an excellent compromise strategy for establishing good connectivity in the supply network when it is impossible to predict that random or targeted attacks will occur.Fifthly,degree centrality,betweenness centrality,eccentricity,closeness centrality,and eigenvector centrality all have significant positive effects on enterprise performance resilience;degree centrality,betweenness centrality,eccentricity,and eigenvector centrality have significant positive effects on enterprise operational resilience.The results show that being in the center of the supply chain network,having more partners,mastering more resources,information,and advantages,and being able to quickly acquire resources and knowledge can actively promote the improvement of enterprise organizational resilience.Sixthly,enterprises of different natures in different regions should implement different development strategies.For example,enterprises in the eastern region should focus on enterprise performance resilience,strengthen resource exchange,develop more partners,and improve resource utilization.The non-eastern region should focus on improving operational resilience and risk prevention.State-owned enterprises should focus on improving operational resilience,while non-state-owned enterprises should enhance performance resilience and create more benefits by improving point centrality and eigenvector centrality in the supply chain network.Seventhly,the improvement of enterprise resilience cannot be explained by any network structure characteristics alone.The formation of organizational resilience is not determined by a single fixed variable.High enterprise resilience can be composed of three configurations,namely,resource control type,risk aversion type,and resource exchange type.The possible contributions of this thesis are as follows:(1)This research is based on the combination of social network theory,complex network theory,and social capital theory to build a research framework integrating supply chain network structure,industrial supply chain resilience,and enterprise resilience,which theoretically enriches the relevant research on industrial chain resilience.At present,the research on industrial chain resilience is mostly focused on the qualitative level,and the empirical research on industrial chain tenacity is few.Few kinds of literature have discussed the internal relationship between network structure and industrial chain resilience.Therefore,in view of the current gap in the research of industrial chain resilience,this study deconstructs the industrial chain resilience into industrial supply chain resilience and enterprise resilience on the industrial chain and explores the different impact effect of supply chain network characteristics on industrial supply chain resilience and enterprise resilience.This study is not only conducive to the in-depth understanding of the relationship between supply chain network structure and industrial chain resilience,but also enriched the research on industrial chain resilience to a certain extent.(2)The previous studies of supply chain networks described only a single supply chain formed by the upstream and downstream of a single enterprise,rather than the network chain structure formed by multiple enterprises in the real industrial chain,which could not truly reflect the complexity of the industrial supply chain.Therefore,this thesis makes full use of the Bloomberg data supply chain database,collects the five-level supply chain data of the automobile industry by manual collection,and builds a complete and real supply chain network of the automobile industry.Large-scale descriptive empirical research is used to expand the research boundary of the supply chain network and make up for the shortage of the complexity of the industrial supply chain that cannot be truly reflected in previous studies.(3)Existing literature mainly focuses on enterprises and studies the effects of internal and external factors on enterprise resilience,ignoring the influence of the supply chain network structure formed on the industrial chain.Therefore,based on the perspective of supply chain network structure,this study not only analyzes how supply chain network characteristics affect enterprise resilience but also explores how different network feature combinations can effectively improve enterprise resilience,which enriches relevant studies on enterprise resilience to a certain extent. |
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