The Spatial Equalization Of Park Green Spaces In The Main Urban Area Of Harbin

In the process of China’s rapid urbanization,land efficiency has become an important goal of urban development,while park green spaces,which promotes people’s well-being but brings less economic benefits,is often used as a supporting subordinate,resulting in a gradual imbalance between the supply of park green spaces and residents’ needs and urban development.The spatial equalization of park green spaces affects the quality of life of urban residents and social justice,and the study of spatial equalization of park green spaces is of great significance in achieving harmony and happiness for the people and promoting fairness and equity in the country’s social rights.However,there are few theoretical studies that take spatial equalization as a perspective,and there are limitations in the scale and dimensions of research.Therefore,this paper takes park green space as the research object,the main urban area of Harbin City as the research area,and the grid as the research unit,and constructs a multi-dimensional refined park green spaces spatial equalization research framework from the spatio-temporal dimensions,park green space type dimension,park green space element dimension,index dimension and Optimization strategy dimension,introducing standard distance,elliptical standard deviation,kernel density,improved Gaussian two-step moving search method,double The spatial analysis methods such as standard distance,elliptical standard deviation,kernel density,improved Gaussian two-step moving search method,twovariable local spatial autocorrelation and coupled coordination model,as well as mathematical and statistical methods such as principal component analysis,t-test and partial least squares,are introduced to study the characteristics and evolution of the spatio-temporal patterns of park green spaces.-This study will explore the spatial allocation patterns,supply levels and the degree of matching between park green space and socio-economics,enrich the theories related to spatial equalization of park green space and provide feasible solutions for future urban green space planning.This study will enrich the theory of spatial equalization and provide a feasible basis for future urban green space planning.The main findings of the thesis are as follows:(1)The scale of park green space in the main urban area of Harbin has experienced a slow(1938-1986)-high(1986-2010)-stable(2010-2020)change trend;there is a certain degree of uneven development in the spatial pattern of park green spaces;it is assumed that the evolution of the spatial pattern of park green space has been influenced by the historical development of the main urban area of Harbin from the Middle East railway period to the industrial period to the comprehensive development period.(2)Although the per capita use degree,service level,use opportunity and supply and demand level of park green spaces show an increasing trend from 2000 to 2020,a high proportion of park green spaces per capita use degree still be unable to meet the national planning control indicators until 2020;the service level of park green space in the main urban area gradually shows a spatial pattern of "high periphery-low core";the scope of park green spaces service has been expanded,but there are still many supply gaps,and more areas with unbalanced supply and demand have been added;Among the factors influencing the difference between the supply and demand of park green spaces,the negative influence of socio-economic development is greater,while the financial income and expenditure reflects the effective guarantee for the construction of park green spaces,the proportion of residential areas and the density of urban roads all have a positive influence.(3)Evaluation of spatial equalization of park green space: in 2020 there are large differences in spatial clustering results between residents’ socio-economic characteristics and park green space,whether in the old and new urban areas of Harbin,the city centre and periphery or between various types of park green space;there is a serious spatial mismatch between different residents’ socio-economic characteristics and park green space,with children,urban residents and groups with high socio-economic status enjoying higher levels of park green spaces provision.It is hypothesized that households with children value proximity to park green spaces more while older people are less likely to relocate,that groups with relatively high social status are better equipped to choose a high quality living environment,and that industrial and agricultural land is built in urban fringe areas at the expense of park green spaces.The coupling and coordination degree of park green spaces use per capita and service level with urban social and economic development is relatively good,but at the same time,the two levels of differentiation show obvious north-south difference in the main urban area of Harbin.The coupling and coordination degree of park green spaces use opportunity with urban social and economic development is not good,showing obvious north-south and east-west spatial differences;This is presumably related to the spatial patterns and development strategies of different areas in the main urban area of Harbin.(4)Summarize the evaluation results of space equalization,and propose the park green spaces equalization optimization strategies from four perspectives according to urban areas,park green spaces types,park green spaces supply factors,etc.,which are optimization strategies for priority improvement order of park green spaces,park green spaces supply,park green spaces demand,and park green spaces planning and management.