Research On The Mechanism Of Optimizing The Promotion Incentive Policy Of Electric Vehicles

With the rapid development of urban motorization and the increasing demand for travel,the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission of transportation sector will seriously affect the living environment of human beings.The emergence of electric vehicles(EVs)has brought a turning point to alleviate the above problems,and under the requirements of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutral" goals,the development of EVs has become an important direction for the development of the global transportation industry and the transformation of the automobile industry,but also an important technical approach and strategic choice to implement the commitment of "dual carbon" in the transportation field of various countries.As energysaving and environment-friendly models,EVs have obvious positive benefits,but due to various reasons,the market share of EVs is still relatively low.Therefore,government intervention is needed to accelerate the promotion process of EVs and realize the green transformation of the automobile industry.Although China has launched a series of policies to promote the EV,but the effect is limited,the EV market share and market acceptance needs to be improved,therefore,deeply analyze the incentive policies to promote the EV promotion mechanism,so that according to the influence of the effective incentive policy has important theoretical and practical significance.In this paper,the research topic is to reveal the mechanism of optimizing the incentive policies for the promotion of EVs,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective incentive policies based on specific situations.To this end,the development status of incentive policies for EVs was systematically quantified,the PMC surface diagram was drawn to display the specific quantitative results of policy dimensions.Research hotspots and research frontiers of EV incentive policies based on knowledge map.The influence of internal psychological variables and external policy factors on the purchase intention of EV consumers is discussed from the perspective of consumption intention,and the influence mechanism of individual characteristics and behavioral motivation on the promotion of EVs is revealed.From the perspective of consumption behavior,a panel data model was constructed with EV market share as the dependent variable and various incentive policies and social and economic factors as the independent variables to analyze the influence of different factors on EV consumption behavior and reveal the influence mechanism of various incentive policies and social and economic factors on EV promotion.Considering the maximization of social welfare,environmental benefits of EVs,consumer acceptance,consumer surplus and other factors,Stackelberg game method was applied to establish the game model of government-subsidized consumers and government-subsidized EVs,and explore the influence rules of different subsidy policies on the EV market.It reveals the mechanism of action and strategy selection of each participant in the EV market,and provides a theoretical basis for formulating corresponding incentive policies at the stage of subsidy regression,so as to improve the market acceptance of EV and the pertinence and effectiveness of government policies.The main research results include:(1)a total of 67 incentive policies for promoting EVs from 2009 to 2021;The issuing institutions of incentive policies are mainly issued by The State Council and other functional departments such as ministries and commissions independently or jointly.The most important policy forms are "notice" and "plan".Incentive mode is divided into: financial,non-financial and mixed;The PMC index rating of 19 policy documents is excellent.At present,EV incentive policies have high synergy,and the role of supervision and suggestions in policy attributes needs to be strengthened.At present,the policy prescription is mainly short-term prescription,and future policy formulation should attach importance to encouraging innovation and management constraints.The research topics of incentive policies for EVs are mainly oriented by policy effects,and the research hotspots mainly focus on purchase intention,subsidies,infrastructure construction and other aspects.(2)There are differences in consumers’ cognition of EV incentive policies,and they have a good cognition of perceived behavioral control,subjective norms and attitudes;The three internal variables in heart will play a crucial mediating role on consumption,environmental protection consciousness,as a kind of internal driving force will affect consumption,the cognition of incentive policy is a kind of external driving force has a significant positive influence on willingness to spend,individual consumer heterogeneity had different purchase plans for EVs,people with high education,high income and positively correlated to consumer preference.(3)Despite the gradual implementation of subsidy withdrawal,purchase subsidy is still a key financial incentive measure in the mainstream market,and the implementation of non-financial incentive measures such as road priority and parking preference needs to be improved.Favorable socio-economic background and EV use environment will affect the consumption behavior of EVs.Purchase tax reduction,per capita GNI and charging network density have significant positive effects on EV consumption behavior.(4)When the government subsidizes EV consumers,the price of EV is positively correlated with its acceptance,manufacturing cost and fuel vehicle price,and is significantly positively correlated with the subsidy rate.The demand for EVs is positively correlated with its subsidy rate and fuel vehicle price,and negatively correlated with its manufacturing cost.The subsidy rate can be high in the initial stage,but can gradually decrease with the increase of acceptance,and the government can cancel the subsidy when the acceptance reaches 0.76.When the government subsidizes EV enterprises,the price of EV is positively correlated with its production cost and consumer acceptance,but negatively correlated with the subsidy rate.The subsidy rate is negatively correlated with the production cost of EVs,and positively correlated with the price of fuel vehicles and environmental benefits.The relationship between subsidy rate and acceptability is complicated.When the acceptability reaches 0.5,the government can cancel subsidies for automobile enterprises.When the subsidy rate is less than 0.5,the innovation effort has a substitution effect on the subsidy;when the subsidy rate is greater than 0.5,the innovation effort has no substitution effect on the subsidy.