| With the optimization of China’s urban economic structure,traffic demand continues to grow,the contradiction between road supply and demand intensifies,and traffic congestion becomes normalized,reducing the efficiency of road traffic.Traffic signs,as an integral part of arterial traffic,have a significant impact on promoting traffic safety and improving the efficiency of arterial operations.In recent years,with the continuous improvement and development of urban arterial roads,the scale of road traffic signs has been further increased,but the problem of traffic sign cue failure has also become more and more prominent,which seriously affects the application effect of traffic signs.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the causes and solutions of traffic sign failure on arterial roads,and formulate effective improvement strategies,to provide guidance and technical support for traffic optimization and upgrading on arterial roads.This paper takes arterial road traffic signs as the research object,and analyzes the factors influencing the failure of arterial road traffic signs cues from traffic sign attributes,traffic participant characteristics,and traffic environment,and concludes that traffic sign layout and location are more critical.Next,the connotation and classification of arterial road traffic sign cue failure are defined,and the form of traffic sign cue failure is revealed.Through investigation and analysis,simulation experiments were conducted in two cases: single sign and multi-sign combination,and the relationship model between single sign and sign combination driver’s reaction time was established to explore the correlation between driver’s reaction time in different sign combinations.A significant relationship between the reaction time of a single sign and sign combination under different traffic sign setting methods was obtained.After analyzing the relationship between the combination of traffic signs and the setting method and the driver’s reaction time,the driver’s visual recognition characteristics are analyzed,focusing on the driver’s visual and reaction characteristics and the visual recognition process.On this basis,we investigate the driver’s information processing process of traffic signs,elaborate on the connotation of traffic sign information processing,quantitatively analyze the driver’s recognition distance,visual recognition distance,and front distance when processing traffic sign information,and investigate the driver’s information processing mechanism of traffic signs.At the same time,experiments on drivers’ information processing of traffic signs were designed to further study the process and characteristics of drivers’ information processing,analyze the influence and relevance of traffic sign combinations and set ways on drivers’ information processing efficiency,and use the combined PCA-AHP method to analyze the efficiency of drivers’ information processing in different areas of the traffic sign layout when different conditions are in effect.It was concluded that the overall information processing efficiency of the left zone of the traffic sign layout was opposite to that of the middle zone and the right zone,and the information processing efficiency of the middle zone and the right zone did not change significantly.Based on the information theory to quantify the information volume of arterial road traffic sign layout,the basic concept of arterial road traffic sign information volume metric is proposed.The volume of information conveyed by traffic signs is divided into basic information volume and effective information volume,and a measure of the information volume of traffic signs on arterial roads based on weighted information volume is proposed,and its measure model is constructed.The traffic sign cue failure was analyzed from two perspectives of visual recognition time and visual recognition distance through simulation experiments,and the threshold value of traffic sign cue failure on arterial roads was derived,which was 710 bits,beyond which the traffic sign cue failure on arterial roads occurred.On this basis,the traffic sign cue failure level classification model is proposed.The model is also applied to the effective information volume of the arterial road with the actual case of Bohai 11Road(Huanghe 12 Road-North Outer Ring Road)in Binzhou City.The driver’s line of sight interference is defined and classified,and the analysis focuses on vehicle and daylight glare interference.In terms of vehicle interference,the relationship between the lane-changing behavior of small car drivers facing large cars and the reaction time of drivers’ visual recognition of traffic signs and the volume of traffic sign information is considered,and a vehicle interference sightline model is constructed.In terms of daylight glare interference,the driver’s visual recognition distance,visual recognition time,and recognition time were determined as the driver’s evaluation of traffic sign recognition,and the relationship between daylight glare and traffic sign recognition was studied from the perspective of driver’s visual and psychological characteristics and traffic sign color matching.By analyzing the probability of traffic sign failure under different vehicle ratios and different lane change ratios,it is concluded that the proportion of large vehicles driving in the outer lane is one of the important factors affecting the driver’s visual recognition of traffic signs.In addition,the driver’s visual recognition distance was 75～95m without the influence of daylight glare,and15～20m with the influence of daylight glare.The idea of redundancy is extended to the solution strategy for the problem of traffic sign cue failure on arterial roads.Based on the theoretical analysis and simulation,the technical means to improve the driver’s vision interference are proposed in three aspects: optimization of traffic sign complementarity,increasing the number of visual recognition,and other strategies.The redundant setting strategy of traffic signs under information overload is proposed from three aspects of traffic sign layout optimization,complex cue information segmentation,and sign marking cooperative setting to realize the continuity guidance of cue information.Using quantitative methods,three urban arterial roads in Harbin and Binzhou are selected as case study objects,and the simulation results are used to compare and analyze the probability of traffic sign cue failure and information volume before and after setting,and the corresponding redundant setting strategy is proposed to improve the continuity of traffic sign guidance according to the current situation of traffic sign setting on arterial roads.The probability of traffic sign cue failure at the intersection of East Dazhi Street and Guogeli Street in Harbin is reduced from 0.0464 to 0.0017,and the probability of traffic sign cue failure at West Dazhi Street(Kangning Road-Hexing 11 th Street)is reduced from 0.0967 to 0.0086.The total effective information volume and the effective information density of traffic signs at Bohai11 th Road(Huanghe 15 th Road-Huanghe 16 th Road)in Binzhou increased by 42% after the redundant setting.The total effective information volume and the density of effective information volume both increased by 42%. |
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