| Under the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental pollution,we not only need to promote clean substitution on the energy supply,but also vigorously promote electric substitution on the energy consumption.In this context,the transportation industry urgently needs to change the traditional energy consumption pattern.In particular,it is the key to realize transportation with green and low-carbon by promoting the large-scale application of electric vehicles(EVs)and increasing its travel penetration rate to accelerate the process of electric substitution in the transportation industry.EVs have dual attributes of electric load and vehicle,which can flexibly switch roles in power providers(sources),consumers(charges)and storages(storages)for equipping with energy storage batteries to realize the vehicle-to-grid.In this way,EVs can give full play to its role as an interactive nexus between the traffic and the distribution network(DN)(ie:"traffic-DN")to achieve "source-DN-load" interaction and "EVs-traffic-DN"interaction,which can improve the stable operation of the DN and the efficiency of the traffic by releasing the aggregation potential of large-scale EVs.Hence,this thesis studies two core topics with "how to play the role of EVs as an interactive regulation nexus based on the "EVs-DN" interaction" and "how to improve the interactive regulation efficiency of EVs based on the "EVs-traffic-DN "interaction".Regarding the V2G system as the research background,this study deeply explores the charging and discharging dispatching of EVs in the parking mode,traveling mode and MCVs auxiliary charging mode to utilize the charging and discharging dispatching potential of EVs and the flexible ability of mobile charging vehicles(MCVs)in different scenarios.The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategies are verified by experiments.Specifically,the main research outcomes of this study are organized as follows:(1)Given the dispatching of EVs charging and discharging in parking mode,the regulation strategy for releasing the temporal flexibility of EVs charging and discharging by considering the multilateral win-win based on the;"EVs-DN"interaction is proposed.Firstly,according to the charging demand characteristics of EVs,the prediction model is established to predict the EVs charging loads to provide prior knowledge for the charging and discharging dispatching of EVs.Secondly,the two-stage regulation model considering the cooperation among EV users,aggregator and DN is proposed to fully develop the "source-load-storage"interaction flexibility and temporal flexibility of EVs.This model is used to regulate the charging and discharging behaviors of EVs to achieve the multi-player optimization of EV users,aggregator and DN.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can not only reduce the charging cost of EV users,but also can improve the benefit of aggregator and relieve the load fluctuation of the DN.(2)Given the dispatching of EVs charging and discharging in travel mode,the regulation strategy for releasing the spatio-temporal flexibility of EVs charging and discharging based on the "EVs-traffic-DN" interaction is proposed.First,the "EVstraffic-DN" interaction model is established to explore the interaction mechanism among EVs,traffic and DN.Next,a model for predicting EVs charging loads based on the "EVs-traffic-DN" interaction is proposed to exactly acquiring the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of EVs charging loads.Moreover,the regulation model for releasing the spatio-temporal flexibility of EVs charging and discharging is proposed to fully utilize the "source-load-storage" interaction flexibility and spatio-temporal mobility flexibility of EVs.This model is used to reasonably guide the charging and discharging behaviors of EVs,which can achieve multi-player optimization among EV users,fast charging stations(FCSs)and traffic.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate that the regulation strategy can not only reduce the charging cost of EV users,but also realize the balanced of load distribution in FCSs by transferring the load and improve the crowded situation around the section of the FCSs.(3)Given the shortage of FCSs charging service abilities during the peak period of electricity consumption,MCVs are arranged to provide flexible and efficient ancillary charging services for EVs.Moreover,for the service dispatching of MCVs,the regulation strategy for releasing the dual flexibilities of MCVs in ancillary charging mode is proposed.Firstly,the dynamic path planning model of EVs is proposed to provide navigation services for EVs driving to FCSs.Secondly,MCVs are arranged to provide charging services for EVs according to service ability response to charging demand,and the improved Floyd algorithm is used to simulate the driving paths of MCVs for measuring the impact of dynamic traffic flow on its driving behavior.Thirdly,the regulation model based on "source-load"interaction of MCVs is proposed to fully release the "source-load" interaction flexibility and spatio-temporal mobility flexibility of MCVs.This model can not only reasonably guide the charging and discharging behaviors of MCVs,but also plan the driving paths for MCVs(hereinafter referred to as scheduling behaviors of MCVs),which can achieve multi-player optimization among EV users,FCSs operator and DN.Finally,the simulation results demonstrate that if the scheduling behaviors of MCVs are not properly planned,which will not only extend the queuing time of EV users in some service points,but also exacerbate the peak-loadoverlap phenomenon in DN.Using the regulation strategy for releasing the dual flexibilities of MCVs to optimize the scheduling behaviors of MCVs can effectively improve the charging experience of EV users,the profit of FCSs operator and the operation stability of DN. |
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