| Maritime Search and Rescue(SAR)is an important part of the national emergency response system and plays an important role in safeguarding people’s lives and properties,protecting the marine ecological environment,serving the national development strategy,and enhancing international influence.The allocation of maritime SAR resources is an important measure and means to ensure the safety of navigation and marine ecological environment,making it possible for the competent authorities to start coordinated search and rescue operation with minimum time delay when a maritime accident occurs in the waters,especially the problem of allocation of resources for Long Range Maritime Search and Rescue(LRMSAR).Compared with the problem of near-shore MSAR,the problem of LRMSAR in the deep sea mainly lies in less infrastructure,poor communication,isolated islands,and low density of SAR resources,thus there are problems of long rescue response time,limited SAR resources and high cost of single rescue.South China Sea waters have typical characteristics of LRMSAR,and it has important research significance as an important trade traffic route and strategic corridor.The South China Sea is one of the busiest and most important shipping lanes in the world,a maritime corridor connecting the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean,and the most convenient waterway connecting Europe,Asia,and Africa.80%of China’s foreign trade is transported by sea,and 80%of the sea trade must pass through the South China Sea.According to statistics,there are about 150,000 ships sailing through the waters of the South China Sea every year,with large ship traffic flow,many islands and reefs and wide geographical distribution,complex and changing navigation environment,making the waters of the South China Sea be the one of the most highest incidences area with maritime accidents.South China Sea waters are vast,covering an area of about 3.5 million square kilometers.Zengmu Reef,located in the Spratly Islands,is 1619 kilometers far from the southernmost tip of Hainan Province,Sanya City.Most of the maritime hazards occurring in the South China Sea waters belong to the problem of LRMSAR.The study of LRMSAR resource allocation in the South China Sea waters is an effective measure and means to scientifically guarantee the safety of navigation and protect the marine environment in the South China Sea,which has important theoretical and application values.The main research contents and innovations of this paper are as follows:1.An offshore high-risk route identification method based on IWRAP and KDE algorithm is proposed.This paper proposes a method for identifying high-risk sea routes based on IWRAP and KDE algorithm,using historical AIS data to identify and validate high-risk sea routes in South China Sea waters based on the study of local ship collision risk,combined with KDE algorithm,and to identify and validate ship traffic flow under high-risk sea routes.The average ship length,average ship width,average speed and average draught and other parameters are gridded and analyzed to pave the way for further optimization of LRMSAR resource allocation in South China Sea waters.2.An improved particle swarm algorithm based on long-range maritime SAR resource allocation method is proposed.After analyzing the characteristics of long-range maritime SAR and the current research situation,an improved particle swarm algorithm is proposed,and the geographical distribution of search and rescue vessels,search and rescue aircraft and islands are used as SAR resources,and detailed simulation experiments are made on the distribution of SAR points in the waters of the South China Sea,and the research scenario is divided into only search and rescue vessels out to participate in rescue and vessels and aircraft collaborative search and rescue according to the location of historical maritime accidents and the actual maritime search and rescue situation.Two kinds of scenarios are proposed.To verify the efficiency of the proposed particle swarm optimization algorithm,it is also compared with the traditional PSO algorithm and GA algorithm,and then its effectiveness is verified.In different simulation experiments,the suggested sites for the distribution of rescue points in the South China Sea waters are obtained.3.A miniaturized man overboard beacon(AIS-MOB)equipped with an on-board antenna and a rotating controllable AIS antenna based on an intelligent antenna array are designed.Traditionally,most of the maritime target detection is to use wind,wave,current and other meteorological information to presume the location of maritime targets in distress with the aid of maritime search and rescue decision system.This paper designs a miniaturized man overboard beacon(AIS-MOB)equipped with an on-board antenna,which overcomes the operational drawbacks of AIS-MOB equipment equipped with pop-up antennas,and the miniaturization also enables it to be installed on life jackets,life rings and other life-saving equipment,making it easy to promote the application of the device,which is found to be effective in improving the search success rate and accuracy of man overboard or other targets in distress.For the maritime search and rescue targets or rescue units equipped with AIS equipment(rescue ships or rescue helicopters,etc.),AIS shore base stations and search and rescue ships AIS equipment often do not receive the AIS signal within its coverage area or receive poor results.In order to improve the AIS data loss,increase the communication distance of AIS base station and solve the problems of single communication coverage area,based on the theory of intelligent antenna array,a rotating controllable antenna is proposed to realize the fast switching of directional map by rotating and changing the angle of antenna array elements respectively,so as to enhance the coverage distance and range and improve the efficiency of maritime search and rescue search target work.At the same time,the auxiliary equipment proposed in this paper is also used as a search and rescue resource to optimize the configuration and validation of maritime search and rescue resources.Finally,the full text is summarized,and the shortcomings and research directions in the research process are analyzed and prospected. |
