| Building a new power system with renewable energy as the main body is an important way to achieve the targets of "Carbon Peaking" and "Carbon Neutrality" in China.With the rapid increase in the installed capacity of renewable energy and the proportion of power generation,its intermittency and volatility have led to a sharp increase in the demand for flexible adjustment resources in the new power system.Hybrid energy storage technology has important strategic significance in realizing the economical,safe and stable operation of the new power system.Therefore,based on the prospect evaluation of multi types of energy storage technologies,this paper conducts the research on the scheme optimization model and optimal configuration model of the hybrid energy storage for the generation side,transmission and distribution side and customer side of the new power system.Under the condition of complementary advantages of various flexible adjustment resources,the optimal allocation strategy of hybrid energy storage independent of each link of the new power system and balanced allocation strategy of hybrid energy storage with multi-link linkage are discussed,offering decision support for the government and new power system construction decision makers,so that provides theoretical support and model reference for the application of hybrid energy storage in the new power system.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)Research on the relevant optimization theory and optimal configuration theory based on the operation principle of energy storage and the operating characteristics of new power system.First,this paper sorts out the operation principles and main classifications of typical energy storage technologies,and clarifies the theoretical and practical significance of developing energy storage technologies;Following that,in view of the current situation that the operation characteristics of new power system are relatively vague,this paper analyzes the dynamic development characteristics of each link of the new power system,clarifies the basic operation principles of the key power generation components,and discusses in depth how the fluctuation and uncertainty of wind and solar power generation affect the safety and stability of the new power system,so as to clarify the characteristics of new power system flexibility requirements,and provide supporting materials for the extraction of subsequent optimization elements and the construction of optimization constraints;Finally,in order to build a scientific and efficient energy storage prospect evaluation model,a hybrid energy scheme optimization model,optimal configuration model of hybrid energy storage independent of multiple links,and a multi-link linkage game model for optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage,an overview of the hybrid energy storage optimization theory,optimal configuration theory,game theory and their solution methods are presented.(2)Research on comprehensive evaluation model of energy storage technology application prospect considering uncertainty.First,compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various flexibility adjustment solutions;Secondly,based on the above analysis,put forward the three-dimensional energy storage prospect evaluation criteria system that integrates market demand value,environmental protection value,technical advantages and obstacles.The criteria system covers the three-dimensional factor sets of industry attribute comparison,demand measurement and technical attribute development characteristics,thereby improving the scientificity and effectiveness of the evaluation result;Finally,considering the uncertainty in the development of energy storage technology,this paper weighs the attribute boundaries of the evaluation criteria and the requirements for evaluation accuracy,and constructs a prospect evaluation model for power-based energy storage and capacity-based energy storage considering the risk preference of decision makers.This model not only realizes the characterization of the uncertainty of energy storage technology attribute values,but also fully considers the impact of decision makers’ risk preference on the evaluation results.This study builds an energy storage prospect evaluation criteria system,breaks the barriers of traditional evaluation methods,establishes an energy storage prospect evaluation model suitable for describing criteria uncertainty and subjective psychological preference of decision makers,expands the application of the prospect evaluation theoretical system in the energy storage industry,which enriches the application breadth of prospect evaluation theory.(3)Research on the optimization model of hybrid energy storage scheme based on the characteristics of energy storage demand in each link of the new power system.Firstly,in view of the diversified demands of new power system for energy storage,this paper constructs a key criteria system that affects the promotion and application of energy storage technology;secondly,the Pearson method is used to measure the correlation among criteria,and a strong criteria combination correlation of energy storage development status is analyzed to further clarify the relatively stable development status of typical energy storage technologies;thirdly,the interval intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and interval fuzzy number are used to describe typical energy storage technology attribute values.Based on the index attribute analysis and precision analysis,a comprehensive weighting method based on the Lagrangian operator’s improved interval type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy number based analytic hierarchy process combined with the entropy weight method is proposed,which reduces the difficulty of subjective weighting and realizes the comprehensive expression of the criteria attribute characteristics.Subsequently,to further simplify the optimal scenarios of hybrid energy storage,a fuzzy K-Means scenario clustering model is constructed in this paper;finally,the PROMETHEE-Ⅱ method are used to calculate the advantage degree of different energy storage technologies in each scenario.It can help the optimal decision-making of the hybrid energy storage application scheme in each link of the new power system,and provide theoretical basis for the optimal configuration of the hybrid energy storage in the new power system.(4)Considering the difference of flexible adjustment resources in each link of the new power system,this paper studies the optimal configuration model of hybrid energy storage independent of the power generation side,transmission and distribution side and customer side of the system based on the improved empirical mode decomposition method.First,in order to ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the optimized configuration,the cloud model-ordered weighted average operator is used to improve the traditional empirical mode decomposition method to realize the scientific remodeling of the decomposed signal;secondly,based on the distribution characteristics of flexible regulation resources,optimal configuration models of hybrid energy storage independent of generation side,transmission and distribution side and custom side are constructed;finally,the above model is analyzed by an actual example.The results show that when the flexibility adjustment is independently borne by a certain link of the new power system,its hybrid energy storage investment and operation costs are relatively high.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the research on the optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage with multi-link linkage.This part of the research broadens the optimal configuration method of hybrid energy storage,and can provide decision support for the construction of hybrid energy storage independent of the generation side,transmission and distribution side,and user side of the new power system.(5)Research on two-stage optimal configuration model and solution model of hybrid energy storage based on Stackelberg game.Since the optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage in different links of the new power system has linkage correlation and has a master-slave game relationship,this chapter uses the Stackelberg game model to describe the interactive game behavior of the two-stage hybrid energy storage optimal configuration on the grid side and the user side of the new power system.In the game process,the power grid,as the leader of the game,first formulates the adjustment strategy by its different flexibility resources such as traditional units and hybrid energy storage,and optimizes it flexible regulation configuration and operation according to the demand response and the application strategy of hybrid energy storage of the customer side,so as to minimize the flexibility adjustment cost;customer as the follower of the game,aims to minimize its own flexibility adjustment cost,and makes the optimal energy demand response and hybrid energy storage application strategy to the electric energy and electricity price on the power side.In order to solve the above mentioned game model scientifically,a multi-stage solution method is proposed in this chapter.First,a multi-scale decomposition of the net load is conducted based on the empirical modal decomposition method improved by the cloud model-ordered weighted geometric mean operator to reshape the power and capacity fluctuation information;Second,the Big-M method is used to linearize the model so as to reduce the complexity of the solution process;Then,a double-layer optimization model transformation method based onλ-fuzzy measure is proposed to realize the scientific solution of the double-layer optimization model in the master-slave game environment;Finally,the branch and bound method is used to solve the model.This part of the research further broadens the planning method of hybrid energy storage in the new power system,enriches the theoretical system of optimal allocation of hybrid energy storage,and can provide global planning support for hybrid energy storage for decision makers in the construction of new power system,and helps to build a flexible and efficient new power system. |
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