| Since the 21st century,the scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution have advanced by leaps and bounds,the global division of labor has been deepening,and countries have formed a "community with a shared future for mankind",which has greatly promoted global enterprises to enter the stage of deep international development.Among them,the internationalization of Chinese enterprises is the general trend:first,since reform and opening up,China has always implemented the"going global" strategy,adhered to all-round opening up,promoted development through opening up,and sought win-win results through cooperation.Therefore,the implementation of the internationalization strategy by Chinese enterprises conforms to the national policy,conforms to the development trend of the times,and has the support of the national strategy;Second,the "going global" of Chinese enterprises and products is conducive to enhancing China’s international status,expanding its national influence,optimizing the world economic structure,serving the needs of world development,and has important national development significance;Third,according to the results of the seventh national census,by 2020,the national population had reached 1.41 billion,accounting for about 18%of the world’s total population.China is still the world’s largest country with a huge labor force employment pressure,and domestic resources are limited.Especially for frontier fields such as artificial intelligence(AI),big data and cloud computing,as well as industries with scarce domestic resources,competition is fierce and industry development is limited,Through the internationalization activities of Chinese enterprises,the employment pressure can be effectively alleviated,employment posts can be increased,overseas resources can be obtained,business markets can be widened,development space can be enhanced,and competitive advantages of enterprises can be strengthened.Therefore,the internationalization strategy of Chinese enterprises is imperative.However,in recent years,the "unprecedented changes in a century" and the"epidemic of the century" have been superimposed,the international situation has changed,the "Anti-globalization" trend headed by trump has flooded in politics,and the Russian Ukrainian war has broken out.The rapid changes in the political situation have profoundly affected the development of the global economy;From the financial crisis in 2008 to the Sino US trade conflict in 2018,the international economic situation has a direct bearing on the economic and trade cooperation and development of various countries,and changes in the economic pattern have a vital impact on the survival of enterprises;At the same time,major social events such as the covid-19 pandemic have also brought great fluctuations to the development of economies and enterprises in various countries.Therefore,in the era of frequent Black Swan events and upgrading of competition mode,more and more enterprises realize that how to integrate internal and external resources,cultivate the enterprise’s "internal strength",cultivate the enterprise’s long-term adaptability to the turbulent environment,and maintain a high degree of flexibility and quickness have become the magic weapon for the development and growth of enterprises.In particular,when implementing the internationalization strategy,enterprises are faced with different or even diversified market environments,and they are more vulnerable to the impact of international turbulence by changing their operating fields.Therefore,there are greater challenges to maintain stable international performance and achieve sustained international growth.How to seize opportunities,overcome crises,achieve stable international development and build international resilience has become an important topic for enterprises to "ride the wind and waves" and "turn crises into opportunities" in the new era.Therefore,in the complex international environment,what kind of effective information to transmit is crucial to help enterprises gain broad legitimacy in the global market.Among them,corporate social responsibility(CSR),as an important nonmarket competition strategy of enterprises,is an important means for enterprises to transmit good information to the international market.Its main aspects include responsibilities to the government,shareholders,consumers,employees and resource environment.Among them,most of the responsibility activities for the government,shareholders,employees and consumers are limited to the home country or specific host country or specific stakeholders,which are regional and limited.Environmental protection is a common responsibility faced by mankind,which is more international and global,and can bring broader international legitimacy to enterprises.Therefore,ecological and environmental issues have become an important topic that enterprises have to consider.The ecological environment is the foundation of human survival and development.However,with the continuous development of industrialization,great environmental degradation problems have been brought about.The global attention to environmental protection has been constantly rising.Under the initiative of the United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP),countries around the world are gradually strengthening and improving their environmental protection systems and formulating relevant laws and regulations,which to a certain extent has caused international environmental protection responsibilities and pressures of enterprises.At the same time,the global attention to sustainable development is deepening,which has promoted the vigorous development of the environmental protection industry.The scale of the global environmental protection industry is growing steadily.According to the statistics of CCID consultants,the scale of the global environmental protection industry increased from $974.8 billion in 2016 to $1212.6 billion in 2020,and the growth rate also increased from 2.8%in 2016 to 3.8%in 2020.From the demand side,the global environmental protection market size increased from US $1154.48 billion in 2016 to US $1304.81 billion in 2020.The growth rate was generally stable,rising from 2.8%in 2016 to 3.2%.It can be seen that the demand of the global environmental protection industry is still greater than the supply,and there are opportunities in the development of environmental protection through the internationalization strategy of enterprises.Based on the above research background,this paper tentatively analyzes and tests the impact of environmental protection behavior of enterprises on international resilience.The existing literature has no targeted research on this,so it is worth further exploring how the environmental protection behavior of enterprises affects the internationalization level,the effect of different environmental protection behaviors,and the effect and mechanism of internationalization resilience from the broad and narrow perspectives.The specific research contents and main conclusions of each part are as follows:First of all,based on system theory and signal theory,Chapter 3 of this paper analyzes the promotion effect of enterprise environmental protection behavior on international growth resilience in a broad perspective,and examines the different promotion effects of strategic environmental protection behavior and substantive environmental protection behavior.The results show that:(1)the environmental protection behavior of enterprises has a positive effect on the resilience of international growth;(2)In the strategic environmental protection behavior,the promotion effect of enterprise certification environmental management system is greater than that of environmental protection information disclosure behavior;(3)Compared with strategic environmental protection behavior,the promotion of substantive environmental protection behavior has time lag;(4)In the long window period,the environmental protection behavior of enterprises still has a significant positive effect on the international growth toughness,and the promotion effect of environmental protection behavior on the international growth toughness is greater than that in the short window period.Secondly,based on the research results in Chapter 3,it is found that the promotion effect of substantive environmental protection actions has a time lag.Starting from the system theory,Chapter 4 of this paper explores the role and mechanism of strategic environmental protection actions in promoting international impact resilience from a narrow perspective.Based on the impact background of international maj or events,this paper analyzes how the disclosure of environmental protection information by enterprises can make up for the disadvantage of outsiders with ambiguous organizational identity of the host country’s stakeholders in the international operation of enterprises,and how the behavior of enterprise certification environmental management system can make up for the disadvantage of the source country with stigmatized organizational identity in the international operation,so as to alleviate the negative impact of the complex international trade environment on the international operation of enterprises,It shows strong international impact toughness of enterprises,and further discusses the effect of strategic environmental protection actions on international impact toughness under the Research scenario of distance between national environmental protection systems and industrial environmental sensitivity.The results show that:(1)the environmental protection system deficit between the home country and the host country will significantly weaken the promotion effect of environmental protection behavior on the impact toughness of internationalization;(2)Compared with non-heavy pollution industries,the environmental protection behavior of enterprises in heavy pollution industries plays a more significant role in promoting the impact toughness of internationalization.Finally,based on the results of Chapter 4,Chapter 5 analyzes the impact of social capital at different levels of enterprises on the promotion of strategic environmental protection behaviors from the perspective of social network theory.The results show that:(1)executives with overseas experience have no significant regulatory effect on the promotion of environmental protection behavior;(2)The overseas M&A and investment activities of enterprises have a significant positive effect on the promotion of environmental protection behavior;(3)In the analysis of the nature of corporate equity,it is found that the environmental disclosure behavior of state-owned enterprises has a significant positive effect on the impact toughness of internationalization,while the environmental protection system certification behavior of foreign-funded enterprises has a significant positive effect on the impact toughness of internationalization.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:First,this paper verifies the relationship between environmental protection behavior of enterprises and international resilience.Previous studies have focused on the relationship between enterprises’ environmental protection behavior and enterprise value and performance,or a few have examined the impact of mandatory environmental regulations on enterprises’ exports,and there is no direct study on international resilience.This paper not only divides the environmental protection behavior of enterprises into strategic environmental protection behavior and substantive environmental protection behavior from the perspective of motivation,but also expands the research of corporate social responsibility,and examines the impact of the two types of behavior on international resilience.It is found that the promotion of substantive environmental protection behavior on International resilience has a time lag.At the same time,this paper also explores international resilience from the perspective of growth in a broad sense and impact in a narrow sense,and finally comes to the conclusion that enterprise environmental protection behavior promotes international resilience.Secondly,this paper systematically investigates the different mechanisms of enterprises’ environmental protection behavior in promoting internationalization resilience.On the one hand,based on the system theory and the signal theory,the impact mechanism of different enterprises’ environmental protection behaviors on enterprise internationalization is analyzed from the broad perspective of growth.It is found that the slack resources brought by enterprises’ environmental protection behaviors and the "resource pool" buffer zone can promote the growth toughness of internationalization,and the promotion effect of the long window period is higher than that of the short window period,it has opened the "black box" of the action mechanism of enterprises’ environmental protection behaviors affecting the long-term resilience of internationalization.On the other hand,based on the system theory and the social network theory,this paper analyzes the compensation mechanism of strategic environmental protection behavior on the disadvantage of outsiders in the internationalization of enterprises from the perspective of narrow impact,so as to buffer the negative impact of international major events on the internationalization of enterprises,and explores the Research scenario of the environmental protection system deficit between home countries and host countries,making up for the neglect of the problem of resilient boundaries in existing studies,Expand the legitimacy of the host country to a broader global legitimacy.At the same time,the positive expansion effect of corporate social capital on this promotion is further investigated,which lays the theoretical foundation for international resilience from the system theory and social network theory.Third,this paper expands the field of empirical research on resilience.Most of the previous studies focused on the relatively broad concept of organizational toughness.This paper refined it into international toughness for discussion,deepening the research field of the theme of toughness;Unlike most of the qualitative research methods based on interviews and questionnaires in the literature,this paper adopts an empirical research method,constructs a growth toughness index from a broad perspective,and analyzes impact toughness from a narrow perspective using a double difference model,which broadens the research method of the theme of toughness;At the same time,based on the system theory,signal theory,resource-based theory and social network theory,this paper examines the promotion effect of enterprises’ environmental protection behavior on international resilience,in order to provide more theoretical basis for resilience research. |
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