| With the problem of environmental pollution and energy shortage becoming more and more prominent,the development and utilization of renewable energy has become the current research hotspot.As a typical renewable energy,water wave energy has the characteristics of large reserves,wide distribution and low density.Existing generators for harvesting water wave energy have realized the utilization of water wave energy,but the random and low frequency characteristics of water wave energy are still important factors restricting its development.As a new power generation technology with low cost,wide material selection and flexible layout,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)can be widely used in the field of harvesting high entropy energy because of its strong low frequency adaptation,and is expected to promote the rapid development of harvesting and utilizing water wave energy.In this paper,the mechanism and characteristics of high-performance TENG for harvesting water wave energy collection will be researched to realize the efficient collection and utilization of water wave energy.Firstly,to solve the problem of mismatch between the output characteristics of TENG and the equivalent circuit model,an equivalent circuit model is proposed,the output theory of generator unit is derived,and the correctness of the circuit model is verified by experiments.Specifically,based on the series-parallel output relationship,a current source equivalent circuit model of TENG is constructed in this paper.The composition of TENG electrical model is studied by node method,and the basic theory of output performance such as open circuit voltage and short circuit current is derived.Moreover,from the perspective of basic output characteristic test,equipment hybrid test and series-parallel test between TENGs,it is proved that the internal equivalent circuit model is a current source equivalent circuit with MΩ level resistance and n F level capacitance,which lays a theoretical foundation for the research of high-performance TENG for harvesting water wave energy.Secondly,based on the current source equivalent circuit model,a normalization method of the reactance and output performance of TENG is proposed.The feasibility of the normalization method is proved through theory and experiment,and the influence degree of the structural parameters and external excitation on the output performance is revealed.The theoretical analysis of the normalization method is carried out,and the theoretical relationship between the structural parameters and the external excitation and the reactance and output performance of TENG is established.Through experimental tests,the influence rules of different structural parameters and external excitation on output performance are clarified.By using the proposed normalization method,the relationship of each influencing factor on output performance is determined as follows: contact area > dielectric film thickness > force > displacement distance.The key conclusion is that the influence of triggering frequency on normal moving TENG is greater than that on tangential moving TENG.Four kinds of generators with different working modes are developed,and the rationality of the normalization method is verified.It provides guidance for the structure design and excitation selection of TENG for harvesting water wave energy.Thirdly,based on the above theories and methods,Thirdly,based on the above theory and method,the configuration design of TENG for harvesting water wave energy is carried out,the service theory of the prototype is analyzed,and prototype for harvesting water wave energy is developed,which realizes the harvesting energy of the fixed prototype and the improvement of the output performance of the floating prototype.Combined with the structure parameter selection strategy,the working principle of the prototype is explained,and the force analysis of the pull-type and crossed roller type TENG is carried out.Based on the current source equivalent circuit model,the output theory of non-contact electrode and incomplete contact electrode is derived.The prototype of two kinds of TENG for harvesting water wave energy were developed.The former has expanded the range of harvesting energy by using the pull-type structure.The durability of the generator is improved by using the contact and non-contact electrodes,and the rapid replacement of the electrode is realized by using the modular electrode.The latter is a combination of crossed roller and interfinger electrode,which solves the charge cancellation problem of the universal interfinger electrode structure,and greatly improves the availability of the output power of the floating prototype.Finally,the basic experimental test system and the water wave simulation test system are set up for the developed pull-type and crossed roller type TENG,and the output characteristics of the prototypes are tested,which proves the excellent performance of the two types of TENG for harvesting water wave energy.In this paper,the basic performance of the pull-type prototype is tested under different displacement distances and triggering frequencies.Under the excitation of 150 mm and 1.0 Hz,the optimal output performance of238.50 V,3.63 μA,98.03 n C and 923.92 μW is achieved.The durability test results of the pull-type prototype show that the performance only decreases by 6.11% after 110,000 cycles.The experimental results show that the optimal output performance of the pull-type prototype is 68.05 n C,0.68μA and 181.96 V under the excitation of 110 mm and 0.9Hz.Compared with the traditional structure,the average current of the prototype with crossed roller is increased by 2.53 times,and the harvesting energy capacity is increased by 10.27 times,which greatly improves the availability of the output power.Moreover,the prototype achieves average power of 274.48 μW and peak power output of 2.27 m W respectively.The data transmission of wireless sensor and the power supply of early warning radar are realized.In this paper,the equivalent circuit model,normalization method,water wave energy prototype design and experimental test of TENG are studied.The mechanism of the TENG is clearly explained,and the output performance and environmental adaptability of TENG for harvesting water wave energy are comprehensively improved.The current source equivalent circuit model and normalization method studied can be applied not only to the research of TENG for harvesting water wave energy,but also be used in the research of TENG in harvesting other micro and nano energy fields such as wind energy and vibration energy by above research are universal,and can provide theoretical reference and technical support for the design and parameter selection of TENG.It has important reference significance to promote the practical engineering application of TENG. |
PDF Full Text Request