| Maritime transportation,as a main transportation mode of goods trade with economical mode,is a typical international trading process,which occupy more than 90% of global trade volume.The upstream and downstream of maritime supply chain have a lot of firms and individuals from different countries and regions,who engage in financial and trade activities by banks.Due to the dozens of documents in the maritime supply chain,such as bill of lading,commercial invoices,and insurance certificates,the cost of processing documents accounts for1/5 of the cost of transporting goods.Moreover,bills of lading and other documents with valuable transaction delivery certificates will also be at risk of fraud.According to some reports,it is estimated that 15% to 50% of the transportation time cost of the global container transportation industry is lost in paperwork,which leads to the delay and increases the transaction cost and trust cost.These results lead to delay the overall operation efficiency of maritime enterprises and their supply chains.Blockchain technology applied to the activities in the maritime supply chain,which is one of the new technologies emerging in the maritime activities.It can improve the visibility of supply chain through the digitalization of maritime supply chain and tracking the cargo status in real time,increasing the speed and timeliness of document verification,resulting the shorten of the clearance time in the process of customs,reducing the service delay,which provides the possibility for the breakthrough development in the maritime filed.However,what impact of new technology in the maritime supply chain? Is it necessary and feasible to introduce new technology? What role does blockchain technology play in the maritime supply chain? These questions lead us to seek the optimal results.Through the exploring the technical value in the introduction of blockchain,this study analyzes the optimal strategy by discussing the operational strategy based on the motivation of co-operation activities.The discussion result is very important to accelerate the technological transformation and upgrading of maritime supply chain.Therefore,this study takes some valuable explores in the blockchain technology and maritime supply chain.The special analysis can be divided into five parts.First of all,this thesis explores the theoretical basis of adoption of blockchain technology in the supply chain management and builds the operational logic of co-operation in the maritime supply chain with blockchain era.Specifically,in order to find the research in the practical feasibility and theoretical feasibility,this part analyzes the three aspects,including policy feasibility,theoretical necessity of blockchain technology in the maritime supply chain,and servitization application of blockchain technology.This analysis constructs the quantitative framework for the following the analysis.The aim of this part is to show the feasibility from the theoretical research and practical research,which plays a leading role in the overall situation and lays the foundation for the quantitative research.Secondly,the thesis constructs the game-theoretical model of technical investment for blockchain technology in order to facilitate the adoption of blockchain technology by member of maritime supply chain during the initial stage of technical innovation.Specifically,through considering the technical characteristics of blockchain decentralization and technical investment choice of maritime supply chain members,this thesis constructs the supply chain structure with Stackelberg model,such as carrier and port to discuss the combined strategy of technical centralization and investment from the aspect of terminal price,terminal quantity,and economic effect.In addition,this part also analyzes the government subsidy,multi-parameters,investment efficiency,and social welfare.The result shows that the carrier needs to satisfy the specific conditions in order to obtain the maximum benefit in the maritime supply chain in the case of decentralized structure.Moreover,the different levels of government subsidy can potentially affect the investment decision of firms.The sensitivity of customers to system transparency affects the choice of investment strategy and potential supply chain structure of firms.As far as investment behavior is concerned,the investment efficiency reaches the highest level when the port is invested in a centralized structure.The research findings can provide valuable insights for members of maritime supply chain in making informed decisions regarding the appropriate investment in new technologies.And then,in the initial stage of technology,this thesis constructs the game-theoretical model of technical sharing in the maritime supply chain under the co-operation environment through the Cournot game-theory model.The result shows that the influence of investment efficiency on the decision of whether to introduce blockchain technology into port is investigated in the first stage of investment efficiency of port,which also shows the equilibrium in the maritime supply chain.In the second stage,this part analyzes the technical sharing strategy under the optimal investment condition.Furthermore,the competitive ports can adopt the blockchain service as the equilibrium strategy when the investment efficiency is higher and the market expansion is lower.When the lower investment efficiency exists,the technical sharing of blockchain service can solve the problem of high investment cost.The research results provide reference for members of maritime supply chain to avoid redundant construction of blockchain technology.Next,in the growth stage of technology,the thesis constructs the game-theoretical model of provision strategy of blockchain service to solve the challenges of asymmetric competition faced by maritime firms in the maritime supply chain.Specifically,through the constructing the supply chain structure with “1VS2”,this thesis explores the role of blockchain technology by carrier with the different market sizes in the case of the reduction of transfer time,including market effect,economic effect,service effect,and service efficiency.In addition,this study also analyzes the carrier’s service strategy from three aspects,including blockchain service for port,sensitivity of blockchain service,and competition intensity.The result shows that the blockchain service can be supported by the changes of the market effect,with the changes of documental circulation time and market size of the competitive carriers.Moreover,the equilibrium is blockchain service by supporting the competitive carrier when considering the changes of economic effect,which needs to satisfy the specific conditions.From the perspective of efficiency,it is a good choice for small-scale carrier to provides the blockchain service due to its higher efficiency.Furthermore,the highly competitive carrier provides the blockchain service,which improves the service experience of consumers and reduces the loss of time value caused by the circulation of trade documents.The research results explore the technical conditions of document circulation between blockchain and maritime supply chain.Finally,the thesis constructs the game-theoretical model of governance strategies for mitigating port service delays using blockchain technology in the mature application stage of the maritime industry.Through the incentive compatibility model,this thesis explores the influence of service level by port on economic benefit and environmental benefit.The result shows that the operational efficiency of port can be improved from the economic benefit and environmental benefit through the paperless operation.In addition,the port can reduce the service delay by different supply chain capacity.Furthermore,this study also finds the different solutions,including the changes of cost structure,the changes of profitability with shorting time,the value of blockchain service in the market segments,customer surplus and social welfare,and the relationship between blockchain service and service delay of port.Next,this thesis also gives some solutions of service delay by blockchain service in the maritime supply chain.It needs to note that the port can improve the operational efficiency by blockchain service with paperless technology,which increases the customer experience.Furthermore,the port also needs to pay attention to the role of blockchain service in the environmental protection and service delay of port.The research highlights the technological value of blockchain in addressing port service delays within the maritime industry. |
