Research On Measurement And Allocation Of Cooperative Gains In Network System Based On DEA And Cooperative Game Theory

The development of economic globalization and the sharing economy has accelerated the application of cooperation strategies in the management practices of enterprises or organizations,resulting in more and more diversified forms of cooperation,and more and more complex relationships between participators.Except for the external cooperation between enterprises or organizations,the internal cooperation between the departments in the same enterprise or organization is becoming more and more common.How much potential benefit can the cooperation generate,and how will the total benefit be allocated to the participants? Most of the existing studies focus on the cooperation between single-stage systems such as enterprises.Based on the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)method,the above problems are discussed by constructing a DEA game.However,in practice,an enterprise or organization is often a network system composed of multiple departments or units.Previous studies ignore the internal structure of the system,are limited to external cooperation between systems,and have not yet involved the internal cooperation of network systems.The cooperation participants within the network system have serial,parallel or other production and operation relationships,so the internal cooperation of the network system often affects the whole system,resulting in the problem of measurement and allocation of the potential gains become more complicated.The methods in previous studies are no longer applicable.Under such background,this paper focuses on the research on measurement and allocation of cooperative gains in the network system.By integrating DEA and cooperative game theory,this paper constructs different network DEA games for four representative network systems,including the independent network system,serial network system,parallel network system,and hybrid network system,respectively to achieve the quantitatively description of the cooperation phenomenon of internal sub-systems and proposes different schemes of gain measurement and allocation.As follows:(1)Research on the measurement and allocation of cooperative gain within the independent network system.Taking an independent network system composed of multiple non-homogeneous single-stage systems as an example,this part constructs an independent network DEA game.First,by constructing the traditional DEA model,the gains brought by the internal cooperation of the independent network system are measured;then,based on the bounded rationality of decision makers,combined with the concept of core,a unique,effective,stable,and fair gain allocation solution is proposed.Finally,the method proposed in this part is applied to the inland transportation system,and compared with other gain allocation schemes,the method newly proposed is found to obtain the smallest subsystem with the greatest utility.(2)Research on the measurement and allocation of cooperative gain within the serial network system.Taking the general three-stage serial network system as an example,this part constructs a serial network DEA game.First,by building new network DEA models,the optimal profits of the system before and after the resource sharing of its internal stages are calculated,and then the research on the gain measurement problem of the internal cooperation of the serial network system is realized.Next,the profit is reasonably allocated by using the Shapley value.Finally,a numerical example of the power plants is used to verify the theoretical research in this chapter.(3)Research on the measurement and allocation of cooperative gain within the parallel network system.Taking the homogeneous parallel network system as an example,this part constructs a parallel network DEA game considering the external cooperation between systems and internal cooperation in the same system.First,a parallel DEA model to established to measure the internal cooperation gains of the homogeneous parallel system;then considering the influence of the prior unions on the cooperation gains’ allocation,the two-step Shapley value is used to distribute the profit;finally,the theoretical research of this chapter is applied to the hotel chains’ cooperative gain measurement and allocation.(4)Research on the measurement and allocation of cooperative gain within the mixed network system.Taking the one-to-many hybrid network system as an example,this part constructs a mixed DEA game considering the interdependent relationship between up-level and lower-level subsystems and the information and resource sharing between multiple lowerlevel sub-systems.First,based on traditional DEA and network DEA models,the potential gain of one-to-many mixed network system’s internal cooperation is measured,and the Shapley value,nucleolus,and Alternate Cost Avoided solution are used to allocate the gains,and the Fairness Index and Propensity to Disrupt are used to compare different allocation results.Finally,an example with two-level supply chains is used to verify the study in this chapter.This study provides the gain measurement and allocation schemes for different types of network systems.First,quantitatively describe the cooperation phenomena such as resource sharing and information sharing among multiple departments in an enterprise or organization,which is helpful for understanding cooperation.Second,from the perspective of relative performance,this paper provides scientific gain measurements for different types of network system and proves that internal cooperation will bring potential gains to enterprises or organizations with network structure,which is helpful for managers to judge the necessity and value of internal cooperation.Third,this paper provides a reference for the gain allocation in the enterprise or organization with network structure.The reasonable gain allocation helps to promote the formation and continuation of cooperation.Meanwhile,this paper expands the application of the DEA method and provides a new research direction on cooperative gains’ measurement and allocation in network systems.