Landscape Pattern Optimization Of Daqing Based On Ecological Environmental Effect Constraints

With the continuous progress of urbanization,the urban landscape pattern has undergone unprecedented changes.The original homogeneous,integrated and continuous natural ecosystem has become fragmented and heterogeneous.Energy shortage,climate warming,haze pollution,biodiversity reduction and other "urban diseases" have erupted.The National "Fourteenth Five Year Plan" clearly proposed "urban renewal action",it has brought new opportunities for the development and construction of resource-based cities in the context of the "dual carbon" era.In order to meet the needs of national industrialization and modernization,Daqing Oilfield has been self exploited for more than 60 years.In recent years,with the depletion of resources and the aggravation of ecological crisis,the future development of the city is facing severe challenges.Therefore,it is urgent to explore the evolutionary characteristics of Daqing’s landscape pattern,clarify the main influencing factors and development laws behind it,and put forward practical and feasible landscape pattern optimization plans and strategies,to balance the contradiction between social and economic construction and ecological and environmental protection.This study took Daqing as the research object,selected four periods of remote sensing data in 1994,2000,2009 and 2020 as the basic data of this study,used remote sensing supervised classification to interpret the remote sensing data of each period,and obtained the landscape type map of each year;Analyzed the evolution characteristics of landscape pattern through landscape pattern index,and explored the influencing factors of landscape pattern evolution from three aspects: natural factors,socio-economic factors and policy factors;The remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)was introduced to evaluate the eco-environment quality of Daqing,and the spatial regression model was used to quantitatively analyze the ecological environment effect of landscape pattern evolution;Coupling multi-objective genetic algorithm and PLUS model,based on the analysis results of eco-environment effects of landscape pattern evolution,optimized the landscape pattern under each scenario,determined the most suitable landscape pattern optimization scheme for the future development of Daqing,and proposed corresponding optimization strategies.The main innovation of this study is reflected in the quantitative analysis of the eco-environment effects of landscape pattern evolution and the optimization of landscape pattern under its constraints.The specific research results are as follows:(1)From 1994 to 2020,the area and proportion of each landscape type in Daqing changed significantly.The landscape type with the largest net increase was construction land,and the landscape type with the largest net decrease was cultivated land.The construction land was mainly transferred from cultivated land,with a contribution rate of 66.88%.The overall spatial layout of the landscape in Daqing tended to be fragmented and complex,and showed obvious spatial heterogeneity,mainly because the overall spatial layout of cultivated land,construction land and grassland tended to disperse,and the patch shape tended to be complex;(2)From 1994 to 2020,the eco-environment quality of Daqing continued to deteriorate and then recovered.The medium and good RSEI played a leading role in the eco-environment quality of Daqing.According to the spatial distribution of RSEI difference change,the change trend of eco-environment quality in Daqing was mainly determined by the regions with RSEI difference of-1 and 1,which indicated that the overall level of eco-environment quality in Daqing was in a relatively stable state;(3)From 1994 to 2020,from the perspective of the ecoenvironment effect of landscape transfer in Daqing,the conversion of cultivated land to unused land would lead to the decline of eco-environment quality,and the conversion of cultivated land to grassland and unused land to cultivated land would lead to the increase of ecoenvironment quality.From the perspective of eco-environment effect of landscape spatial layout evolution in Daqing,the change of overall landscape LPI had a positive impact on the change of eco-environment quality,while the change of LPI had a negative impact on the change of eco-environment quality;(4)Compared with the landscape pattern optimization results of each scenario,from the landscape quantity structure,shape and diversity characteristics of the optimization results,the optimization scheme of economic construction and ecological service giving consideration to the development scenario was more conducive to mitigating the eco-environment effect of landscape pattern evolution.From the perspective of the economic and ecological benefits of the optimization results,the optimization scheme of the scenario of giving consideration to the development of economic construction and ecological services not only met the potential possibility of landscape change in Daqing,but also met the needs of economic construction and ecological protection in Daqing.Therefore,the optimization scheme of this scenario is the one with the greatest potential in the future.