Political Economics Analysis Of Trade Friction

The international financial crisis that broke out in 2008 has plunged the world economy into a quagmire of recession.Although the crisis has passed more than ten years now,the economic growth of major developed countries is still weak and it is difficult to get rid of the recession.At the beginning of 2020,the Novel coronavirus pneumonia swept the world.Many countries adopted the policy of “closing the country”.Global demand has shrunk,the scale of investment has dropped sharply,the industrial chain and supply chain have been broken,international trade is facing unfavorable policy environment factors,and the downward trend of trade is inevitable.This shows that the strongest globalization driven by production capital since the 1970 s has fallen.Western advanced economies have lost their ability and willingness to lead economic globalization.A series of events such as the United Kingdom has left the European Union,the Ukraine crisis,the failure of Italy's constitutional amendment referendum,the withdrawal of the United States and the Sino-US trade war seem to confirm the intensification of the trend of anti-globalization.With the anti-globalization,the voice of protectionism has become stronger and stronge.According to the theory of international trade,when protectionism prevails,trade frictions are easily generated.Facing the current complex and volatile international situation with increasing risks of trade frictions,scholars at home and abroad have analyzed and studied the issue of trade frictions from different perspectives,but on the whole,they lack a systematic political economy on this issue.Marxist political economy is a doctrine that studies the relationship of production,that is,the relationship of economic interests,and the essence of trade friction is the product of the contradictory movement of economic interest relations between countries.Therefore,it is necessary and possible to study the root cause of trade friction from the perspective of political economy,and put forward China's wisdom to deal with trade friction combined with China's practical experience.This article constructs a political economic analysis framework of trade friction,and uses Marx's theory of international value to explain the mechanism of trade friction.From the perspective of Marxist political economy,in the international market,product exchange is based on international value as the basis for equivalent exchange.Due to the differences in technology level and labor productivity in different countries,there are differences in country value,so different results will be produced when commodities are exchanged according to international value:countries with higher productivity and lower national value than international value will obtain excess profits;Countries with lower productivity and whose national value is higher than their international value will lose money.Therefore,in order to obtain more international excess profits,different international division of labor between developed and developing countries has been formed under the action of international value law.The distribution of economic benefits generated by this division is unstable.When the relationship changes or there are potential factors of change,it is very easy to produce trade frictions.At the same time,this article analyzes the root causes of trade frictions and makes political economic explanations of other relevant factors that cause trade frictions.On this basis,this article empirically analyzes the factors of trade friction from the aspects of trade friction between developed countries and developing countries,trade friction between developed countries and trade friction between developing countries,and tests the explanatory power of the political economy analysis framework of trade friction.In view of the particularity of the causes of trade frictions between conservative powers and rising powers,this paper takes Sino US trade frictions as an example to analyze the causes of trade frictions between conservative powers and rising powers,and makes an empirical test.The test results show that there is a significant correlation between the US GDP growth rate,China's technological progress rate,and the exchange rate of RMB against the US dollar and the number of Sino US trade frictions,which further proves that the essence of trade friction is the product of the contradictory movement of economic interests between countries.The countermeasures must also start from safeguarding national interests,continuously improve China's productivity level,and promote the high-quality development of the national economy by consolidating the national foundation,resolving excess capacity,unblocking the economic internal circulation system,strengthening financial market supervision,preventing financial risks,and further opening up to the outside world.