Research On The Efficiency,mechanism And Path Of Agricultural Productive Services Supply

With the accelerated development of modern agriculture,the reduction of agricultural labor force and the aging of rural areas becoming increasingly prominent,ordinary farmers are facing many new problems in the production process.Agricultural and rural development practices at home and abroad have proved that the development of agricultural productive services plays a positive role in improving agricultural production efficiency and transaction efficiency.In recent years,China’s agricultural productive services have developed rapidly,but the proportion of total output value to total agricultural output value is not high;the supply level of agricultural productive services has been continuously improving,but the matching degree between supply and demand is not high,and the supply efficiency is low.Under this background,studying how to improve the supply efficiency of agricultural productive services,clarifying the mechanism of agricultural productive services supply,and putting forward the path of optimizing the supply of agricultural productive services in China will help more productive services to be introduced into the process of agricultural modernization,thus promoting the industrialization,scale and specialization of agriculture,and bringing small farmers and modern productive services into play.The organic convergence of industry is helpful to the revitalization of rural areas in China.The innovations of this paper are mainly embodied in three aspects:(1)From a more comprehensive and comprehensive perspective,empirical studies reveal the supply efficiency of agricultural production services,the impact and contribution of the supply content of agricultural production services,and the effectiveness of the supply path of agricultural production services.The existing research on the development efficiency of agricultural productive service industry is limited to a certain area or a certain area,lacking comprehensive and systematic research,and also lacking the impact measurement of the comprehensive development efficiency from the perspective of the content of agricultural productive service.The contribution of this paper is to use DEA-Malmquist index method to measure the total factor productivity of agricultural productive service industry,and to reveal the overall efficiency of agricultural productive service industry in China more comprehensively from the national and regional levels.It is found that the supply efficiency of agricultural productive services is not high as a whole,but it presents the "U" type change characteristics.The main reasons for the regional differences in the supply efficiency of agricultural productive services are the sales service of agricultural products,the supply and distribution service of agricultural materials,the land transfer service,the agricultural financial service,the agricultural information service and the agricultural technology extension service.Secondly,Rough Set method is used to measure the impact of 10 agricultural productive services on total factor productivity,revealing the relationship between agricultural productive services and overall development efficiency.Thirdly,based on the micro-survey data of 625 farmers in Chongqing,Sichuan,Guizhou and Yunnan provinces and cities in southwest China,it is found that the supply path of agricultural productive services is not effective and there is much room for optimization.(2)Based on the theory of division of labor and using the method of inframarginal analysis,this paper constructs a labor division model of agricultural productive services to improve production efficiency and transaction efficiency,and reveals the development mechanism of agricultural productive services.The existing research on the development mechanism of agricultural productive service industry,although the concept of division of labor is introduced,is mostly descriptive analysis.The main contribution of this paper is that,based on the theory of labor division and the method of inframarginal analysis,a labor division model for the development of agricultural productive service industry is constructed,which reveals that market transaction efficiency,the number and scale of farmers,government subsidy support and the change of farmers’ labor force are the four important factors affecting the supply of agricultural productive service.On the basis of Chu C.(1997)model,this paper makes four improvements: one is to replace public infrastructure with agricultural productive services.The second is to introduce the government’s subsidy factors for the development of agricultural productive services.Thirdly,based on the consideration of improving production efficiency,agricultural productive services are introduced into production function and production efficiency parameters are added;based on the consideration of improving transaction efficiency,the transaction efficiency coefficient is variable;fourthly,the production function reflects increasing returns to scale,and the labor supply of farmers is variable in the model.(3)Based on Panel Data Model and Shapley Value method,this paper empirically reveals the influencing factors,regional differences and development space of agricultural productive service supply.Compared with the existing literature,this paper draws new conclusions.It is found that there are many factors affecting the supply of agricultural productive services,but the elasticity coefficient of farmer labor force change(urbanization rate)and government subsidy support is greater;the most important reason for regional differences in agricultural productive services is the inherent factors of region and the change of farmer labor force(urbanization rate);and agricultural productive services are affected by the changes of agricultural labor force and urbanization.The future development space is larger,but the growth space has regional differences.The paper points out that improving the supply level of agricultural productive services can start from four aspects:(1)Improve the rural market environment and improve the efficiency of market transactions.First,we should vigorously strengthen the construction of rural transportation infrastructure in terms of quantity and quality.Second,we should vigorously strengthen the construction of rural market infrastructure.Third,we should vigorously strengthen the construction of soft environment in rural markets.(2)Promoting moderate scale operation and moderate centralized residence of farmers to reduce service costs.First,we should promote land transfer,cultivate large agricultural producers and guide agriculture to develop in a moderate scale.The second is to promote the development of agricultural regional specialization on the basis of family management.Third,through diversified channels,farmers should be guided to live in a moderate concentration.(3)According to the changes of rural labor force and urbanization level,we should allocate resources rationally and innovate service modes.In the formulation of regional agricultural production service supply planning,we must fully consider the changes of rural labor force and the level of urbanization.Firstly,according to the changes of rural labor force and urbanization level,the supply resources of agricultural productive services should be allocated rationally.The second is to innovate service modes according to the changes of rural labor force and the level of urbanization.(4)Give full play to the synergy between the market and the government,and optimize the government’s support mechanism for agricultural productive services.The government’s support for agricultural productive service industry must respect market rules and adhere to market orientation.One is to optimize the financial support mechanism.The second is to establish a standardized development mechanism.The third is to establish industry governance mechanism.Fourth,the establishment of institutional support mechanism.To optimize the supply path of agricultural productive services,we can start from two aspects:(1)According to the priority of demand,we should dynamically adjust the content of service supply and give priority to ensuring the supply of short-term services.First,according to the priority of demand,we should dynamically adjust the supply of services and give priority to the development of short-term service banks.The second is to establish a large data release platform for the supply and demand of agricultural productive services.Thirdly,we should strengthen the investigation and research of agricultural productive services and issue periodic industry development reports.(2)Respect the needs of farmers and optimize the mode of service supply based on satisfaction.On the one hand,we should strengthen the supply mode with high satisfaction.On the other hand,we should actively improve unsatisfactory supply mode,give full play to market regulation mechanism and government regulation mechanism,and comprehensively improve the satisfaction of supply mode.