Research On The Influence Mechanism Of CSR On Innovation Performance Of Pharmaceutical Enterprises From The Perspective Of Innovation Ecosystem

Innovation is the first driving force leading development.China adopts “innovation-driven” as a major strategy for economic transformation development and construction of a modern power.Medical innovation not only provides long-term driving force for economic development,but also solves people's livelihood problems.Pharmaceutical enterprises are a relatively special enterprises group,and their products as special commodities are related to citizens' health and life safety.However,medical safety accidents,false propaganda of curative effect,and bribery of medical representatives happen occasionally,which leads pharmaceutical companies' innovative development to a difficult situation while wearing down public trust.How to balance the “economic” and “social” properties of pharmaceutical companies,that is,how to promote enterprise innovative development while fulfilling social responsibilities,is a significantly practical issue in front of government departments and pharmaceutical enterprises.To solve the medical safety problems,the government has accelerated the implementation of GMP(Quality Management Standards for Pharmaceutical Production)and GSP(Quality Management Standards for Pharmaceutical Operations).In the meantime,with the rapid development of science and technology,and the increasingly fierce competition,pharmaceutical enterprises under the pressure of “regulation” and “competition” has broken the original closed innovation framework,integrated innovation resources,looked for a winwin cooperation oriented collaborative innovation community,and utilized the advantage of aggregation effect to achieve the goal of improving innovation ability.Therefore,an innovation ecosystem with clear labor division,intergrowth and coexistence,and collaborative evolution has formed,which will help the innovative development of pharmaceutical enterprises.So,how can pharmaceutical enterprises improve innovation performance through the innovation ecosystem? This has also become a realistic problem that pharmaceutical companies ought to face.It requires theoretical guidance and response to solve realistic problems.Research on CSR and performance has become a hotspot issue in the fields of academic research and enterprise management.At present,more and more scholars pay more attention to the transmission mechanism of CSR influencing enterprise performance on the basis of CSR affecting enterprise performance,which is more conducive to an incisive explanation of how CSR influences enterprise performance.After sorting out relevant literature,it is found from the perspective of research content that there are a lot of researches on mechanisms of enterprise internal action and relationship of transforming enterprise social responsibility into performance with corporate reputation,intangible resources,social capital as the entry point,while there is a lack of researches on the enterprise external influence links.More researches are on CSR organizations' output performance and there are few researches on innovation performance.From the perspective of research object,some researches focus on GEM listed companies and some focus on high-tech manufacturing firms.However,few researches on pharmaceutical companies have been conducted.Most researches on innovation ecosystem and innovation performance explain the innovation activities of enterprises through ecological methods.Researches seldom pay attention to the path and mechanism of improving enterprise innovation performance from the perspective of innovation ecosystem.Specific research variables on innovation ecosystem at the system level are insufficient.Based on this,to make up for the inadequacies in theoretical research.With pharmaceutical enterprises as the research object,this paper studies the transmission mechanism of CSR influencing the innovation performance of pharmaceutical enterprises from the perspective of innovation ecosystem.Aiming at the research theme,this paper conducts following research work:(1)The paper sorts out relevant researches on CSR,innovation ecosystem,and innovation performance,reviewed ecology and ecosystem theory,stakeholder theory,resource-based theory and self-organization theory,clarifies the research positioning and provides theoretical support for research.(2)This paper analyzes,summarizes,and concludes the core elements of pharmaceutical enterprise innovation ecosystem from the perspective of “ecology”,and constructs a pharmaceutical enterprise innovative ecosystem based on talent,capital,and information,at the core of pharmaceutical key companies,supplier companies,seller companies,and affiliated enterprises assisted,complementary,and competitive with core enterprises,with the support of universities,scientific research institutions,governments,demanders,and intermediary institutions.This can lay the foundation for the construction of the theoretical model from innovation ecosystem perspective.(3)From the perspective of innovation ecosystem,this paper builds a theoretical model with CSR and innovation performance of pharmaceutical enterprises,and innovation ecosystem support as the intermediary.On the basis of detailed theoretical argumentation,the paper systematically puts forward the constitutive dimensions of each major variable and the hypothesis of the influence relation among the constitutive dimensions.(4)This study develops measurement scale of CSR dimensions,resource acquisition,collaborative symbiosis and innovation performance after a series of works such as expert interviews,respondents' interviews,and pilot test.(5)Data were obtained through large-scale formal investigation,and regression analysis was used to verify the proposed research hypotheses.Among the 23 research hypotheses,20 hypotheses have gained support and 3 research hypotheses have gained no support.Then,this paper discusses the reasons why the hypotheses are tenable or invalid.(6)The last part is the summary of the whole paper.Some management suggestions are proposed,the research inadequacies and further improvements are indicated.This paper draws the following conclusions through the above research.From the perspective of the innovation ecosystem,by fulfilling social responsibilities,pharmaceutical enterprises can effectively improve their innovation performance.The support of the innovation ecosystem plays an intermediary role in the causal relationship between CSR and innovation performance.The support of the innovation ecosystem mainly includes two aspects,resource acquisition and collaborative symbiosis.In other words,resource acquisition and collaborative symbiosis are the bridges for enterprise social responsibility to act on innovation performance.The innovations and theory contributions are manifested as follows :(1)This study gives an overall look at the relevant researches about CSR,innovation ecosystem and innovation performance.(2)Distinct from others' organizational perspective,this study firstly analyzes and tests the transmission mechanism of CSR to pharmaceutical enterprises' innovation performance from the perspective of innovation ecosystem.The role of external factors in the process of transmission is examined from the system level.(3)This study takes the supporting role of innovation ecosystem as the intermediary between CSR and innovation performance.In order to further quantify the supporting role of innovation ecosystem,it innovatively concretizes into two variables,namely resource acquisition and collaborative symbiosis.(4)This study defines and divides the dimensions of the social responsibility of pharmaceutical enterprises,expands the research scope of CSR,and enriches the dimension division of CSR.To sum up,based on ecology and ecosystem theory,stakeholder theory,resource-based theory,and self-organization theory,through literature analysis,logical reasoning,inductive deduction,expert interviews,questionnaire surveys,and statistical analysis,by referring to the research paradigm of “ExplorationModeling-Analysis-Evidence-Recommendation”,this paper constructs a pharmaceutical enterprise innovation ecosystem based on innovation ecosystem theory.From the perspective of the innovation ecosystem,this paper builds a relationship model for the influence of CSR on innovation performance.After empirical testing,analysis and discussion through sample data of pharmaceutical companies,this paper draws reliable research conclusions and management enlightenment.The research in this paper fills up theoretical gaps,provides reference for solving practical problems,and it is innovative to a certain extent.