An Analysis Of The Developmental Level And Effects Of Industrial Services

With the development of economy-oriented service and service-oriented economy, the producer services, intermediate input as the essence, has also achieved rapid development. The development in producer service has made immediate contribution to the economic development, and more importantly has improved the efficiency and quality of the service objects, which further improves the overall efficiency and adaptability of national and regional economy, and therefore plays a very significant role in the development and reconstruction of modern economy. As a matter of fact, it is a research focus that attracts interests from researchers both at home and abroad. A new economic prospect has been formulated with the prosperity of service industry in developed countries and some of the developing countries.However, in the large volume of documents concerning producer service, inconsistence between its connotative definition and statistic definition is no rare phenomenon due to the arbitrary assortment of industry and the incompleteness of producer orientation. The arbitrariness results from the different enumeration methods adopted in assorting the industry: some of the service industries are included into producer services, ignoring the fact that each component of the service industry not only provides services for the intermediate needs but also for the terminal use as well. Therefore, the development level and effects are always either overestimated or underestimated. The incompleteness of producer orientation means that the service objects are often industry-oriented (manufacturing-oriented), ignoring the production service in agriculture and service industry. Therefore, the industry attribute of the service object has been homogenized and the developmental impetus analysis of the producer services industry has been restricted. Based on the critical analysis of the problems existing in the previous researches concerning producer services industry, this paper, with“industry services”being the research object, has delved into its definition, metering measures, developmental level, status and function, which is not only of theoretical value by detailed and in-depth exploration of the research on producer services industry but also of practical significances in formulating modern industrial system that fits in the salient features of the developmental status of China.The research measure this paper applies is a combination of standardization, empirical study, quantitative as well as qualitative analysis. Through the qualitative analysis of second-hand resources, the“supposed”nature of the research object is found; through quantitative analysis, the“actual”nature of the research object is found. The comparative analysis is also adopted in this paper; a comparison between the developmental status in our own nation and in that of some developed countries as well as some newly emerging countries is made.The major findings and conclusion of this paper are as follows:1. The historical and empirical investigation in terms of service and value creation is conducted as the logical prerequisite of the research on industry services. The primary findings are: first of all, the classical value scope is basically the axiology about products in kind due to the historical limitation, and service is either ignored or incompletely discussed, also, it is believed that service labor belongs to non-productive labor which produces no value; secondly, the question that which kind of labor produces value remains unanswered; thirdly, the definition of service is that is of contrast with products in kind, which is superficial. Therefore, the fundamental work this paper has done is to clarify that productive and unproductive labor, as well as invisible and invisible products can not serve as the criterion for value creation, and to redefine the classical value of service following the analysis framework of classical value theories concerning products in kind. Based on this, service is defined in this paper as the exchangeable labor product that adds value to another economic entity. Also, it is believed that the major difference between service products and products in kind, lies in the exchange features rather than in manufacturing or consuming.2. This paper points out that the major problem in the previous researches on producer services is the inconsistency between its connotative definition and metering result due to the disaccord between the industry accumulation metering measure and its connotative definition. This paper sticks to two criteria in categorizing service industry and producer services industry: the first one is the consistency between extension and intention, aiming to achieve the consistency between connotative definition and metering results; the second one is to category from both economic usage and statistic scope, so as to satisfy the needs of research, and to avail existing statistical data. As far as metering measures are concerned, the“input-output econometric model”is adopted because it evidently outweighs“industry defining model”.3. When USA, UK, Japan and South Korea entered the economic advanced stage, the proportion of their industry service in GDP has decreased by 10% to 5% while the overall stability is maintained. The proportion of industry service in GDP of our own nation is basically the same but a little higher than that of these four nations. Therefore, the major focus of our own nation's service industry development shall be the improvement in quality and strengthening in inter-industry relations.4. The effect of the development in industrial service is embodied in various aspects; one is micro effect by taking services in Service Industry as input factor, the other is the direct & indirect contribution to economic growth made by the revolutionary effect Service Industry has on industry chain and industrial management and organization. The inner mechanism by which Industry Service affects industries and enterprises is that the industrial value chain carries on a ceaseless deconstruction and reconstruction through the interference and interfusion between Service Industry and enterprises, and finally maximizes the gross industrial value. Technical progress and institutional innovation provides the external condition and activation by which Service Industry brings its potential into full play.5. This paper has analyzed and proved in micro-level the impact of Service Industry on the progress of industrial creativity. The result shows a prominent correlativity between the ratio of sample service value in the gross value and industrial creative capacity. A positive correlation is shown between the ratio rise of service value and such factors as industrial-related personnel, the transmission of explicit knowledge, human capital, legal and accounting services and regional support. No obvious correlation is displayed between the ratio rise of service value and such factors as knowledge institution, the transmission of implicit knowledge, the cost of financial capital, training and consulting. The transmissions of explicit knowledge, legal and accounting services are the key factors of the ratio rise of service value.6. From the qualitative and quantitative analysis, a decrease can be detected both in the requirement within service industry and requirement of industry for service, which leads to the decreasing role industry service plays in industrial development. In terms of the internal structure of industry service, traditional services, such as transportation, warehousing, lodging, catering, leasing and business service industries are of great importance in industrial development, while the function of services providing high-level production factors, such as education, scientific research, and technical service is not so salient.7. The analysis reveals the Industrial service impact on economy in different phases, that is, the developmental“two phases”hypothesis proposed in this paper: the first phase is from the early to the middle stage of industrialization, with industry being the major resource and industry service the major drive; the second phase is from the latter period of industrialization to the economic advanced stage, with the requirement of service itself being the major resource and producer industry being the major drive. China is in the transformation period from the first phase to the second phase according to the statistical data of USA, UK, Japan and South Korea.8. Industrial service has made to economy greater indirect contributions than direct contributions. Take Guangdong province for example, an empirical analysis is applied to the function industry service possesses in economic development. The result shows that the increase rate of service industry is 8 times of that of industry service; industry-oriented service is twice of that of industry service. The total of the increase of industry service and immediate increase of industry-oriented service accounts for 15.1% of GDP, and the total of the increase of industry service and whole increase of the industry-oriented service accounts for 45.5% of GDP. The data shows that industry service has made immediate contribution to increase of national economy.