Study On Value Orientation Of Secondary Vocational Education

Vocational education and general education are two different types of education with equal importance.Secondary vocational education,which is in the middle level of the vocational education system and parallel with the general senior high school education,bears the dual functions of human development and economic development.Secondary vocational education plays an important role in training secondary application-oriented professional and technical personnel for the country,passing on skills and technologies,improving national quality,promoting employment,boosting economic development and perfecting the structure of the education system.In its more than 70 years of development,secondary vocational education has experienced ups and downs in its educational quality,enrollment scale,social status and the relationship between production and education.At present,there are still some problems in the theoretical understanding and educational practice,such as the alienation of educational function,the misappropriation of educational behavior and the low value of social recognition.The emergence change and development of such problems are the result of the subject’s understanding,judgment and choice of the value of secondary vocational education,which is ultimately caused by the deviation of the subject’s value orientation.In the new period of high-quality development,the development of secondary vocational education needs new theories,new ideas and new methods in the face of internal demands for the construction of high-quality education system and external forces such as the demand for high-quality economic and social development and the supply of high-quality talents.This paper attempts to clarify the value orientation of secondary vocational education,explore the reasons for the formation of deviation and the cultural roots that restrict the value orientation,and explore the theoretical basis and practical path of realizing human dignity and the dignity of secondary vocational education.The value orientation of secondary vocational education is a process in which the subject judges,chooses and acts on the value of secondary vocational education based on needs and under the guidance of educational values it upholds.Value orientation is rooted in culture and deposited in the core of culture in the form of values.In the development and change of culture,value orientation constantly absorbs new cultural and value elements to guide people’s needs and forms the power that affects people’s value cognition,judgment,choice and action.This study combines the method of cultural analysis with the theory of value,and is based on the cultural stratification structure of “ideas,values,actions and institutions”and the value orientation structure of“values,needs and actions” of the subject.To establish the value orientation analysis framework of secondary vocational education from the perspective of culture,which is based on the four paths of “subject perspective,value analysis,need analysis and action exploration”.The cultural perspective analyzes the value orientation of secondary vocational education from two dimensions of history and reality.The realistic dimension is the cross section of the cultural course,that is,taking the value orientation of the current secondary vocational education as the analysis object.The historical dimension refers to the change process of cultural course,taking the cultural origin of the value orientation of secondary vocational education as the analysis object.The realistic dimension is based on the social and individual subjects using text analysis and questionnaire.With policy text and statistical data as the carrier,this paper explores the “instrumental” and “utilitarian” oriented value basis and educational action mode of social subjects.Through the correlation between students’ sense of mission,vocational identity and occupational attitude and family social status,economic and cultural capital,the influence of“instrumental” and “utilitarian” orientation on individuals is analyzed.Based on the in-depth description and analysis of the value orientation of the society and the individual subject,this paper draws the conclusion from the two dimensions of the subject and value orientation that there are imbalances of value orientation such as “the lack of human subjectivity” and “economic dominance” in secondary vocational education.In the historical dimension,the relevant theories,policies and practices are summarized,analyzed and interpreted from the perspectives of human theory,social vocational structure and the status of ancient vocational education,so as to probe into the cultural origin of the formation of “utilitarian” and “instrumental” orientations.History is the mirror of reality;reality is the continuation of history.From the analysis of the appearance,problems and root causes of the value orientation of secondary vocational education,it can be seen that the main factors that cause the imbalance of value orientation are the relationship between human and society,human development and economic development,and the relationship between secondary vocational education and industry.These factors all focus on the dignity of man and education.Dignity is the dialectical unity of self-esteem and respect.The relationship between rights and responsibilities based on identity is a sign of the realization of dignity.Secondary vocational education is interdependent with human dignity.The comprehensive development of human being is characterized by stages and uniqueness,which is manifested in the introduction of vocational ability elements in the stage of secondary vocational education.Based on career expectation,self-esteem and respect are formed in the process of knowledge learning,skill passing,emotional development and moral generation.The self-esteem of secondary vocational education comes from the realization of the true value of education,and the respect is based on the independence of value status.The key lies in the proper handling of the relationship between human development and economic development,and always takes the all-round development of human as the core.Based on the above ideas,this paper includes the following five parts.The first part is the theoretical basis.Based on the theories of anthropology,pedagogy,value science and culturology,this part establishes the basic thinking and framework for understanding and analyzing the value orientation of secondary vocational education.The second part is the actual performance.This part is based on the subject perspective.The first is to sort out the performance of “utilitarian” and “instrumental” value orientations since the founding of the People’s Republic of China based on the policy text and statistical data.The second is to analyze the comprehensive influence of social value orientation on individual value orientation through questionnaire survey.The third part is the problem presentation.This part summarizes the imbalance of value orientation caused by the deviation of value orientation between subject and secondary vocational education from the representation of social and individual value orientation.The fourth part is the cultural origin.Based on the relationship between human,society and education,this part restates the cultural prototype of "the real status of human" in the process of the generation,development and change of vocational education from three dimensions,namely,the view of human nature,the view of occupation and the positioning of ancient vocational education.That is to explore the cultural source of the value orientation of secondary vocational education.The fifth part is the realization of dignity.This part takes the overall development of human as the core,discusses the dialectical unity relationship between human dignity and the dignity of secondary vocational education,and explores the theoretical basis and practical path of value orientation of secondary vocational education based on dignity.