From Employment Orientation To Career Orientation:The Organizational Transformation Of Higher Vocational Colleges

The rapid change of society makes development becoming more and more complex and serious.In this situation,transformation has become golden rule for organizations to solve problem and make life.So does the higher vocational colleges.Whatever,transformation is not the Utopia,but the optimization and complement of their accumulation,Which urge us to observe the process and logic of higher vocational colleges'transformation since 40 years ago,when the Open and transform started,in a eye of organization and history.So as to face the dilemma,which higher vocational colleges might cross with and to insight the prospect for higher vocational colleges.To analyse the birth and transformation of higher vocational college,and to find out the logic of system,this paper applies for the frame,which take use of“Organizational field”study?“Institutional Logic”.On the basis of joint interests of government,industry enterprise,higher vocational colleges and students at right age,the paper studied the occurrence,transformation and solution of higher vocational colleges'students employment as a key point of transformation for higher vocational colleges,so as to transform the age of“Upgrading to the university”to“Employment Orientation”to“Career Orientation”:a).Stage of“Upgrading to the University”(1980?2003).In the year of 1980,China modern education of higher vocational started with short-term vocational collages with the character of“non-free?non lodging?non-arrangement of job?short term”.Gone through“Three transformation and one complement”of 1996,the“Regulation of naming”in 1997,the“Balanced development of three educations”in 1999,“power of central government delegating to local government”in 2000,the formal system has been established,as a result,the higher vocational education organization increased greatly in scale,which including Vocational Universities,Vocational Technical Colleges and Higher Professional Schools.(b)Stage of“Employment Orientation”(2003?2010).At the year of 2003,after the policy of enrollment increment take place for four years,the graduates find it was hard to be employed.To solve the problem,government set the goal of“Career Orientation”to make local government,industry enterprise and higher vocational college participate in the transformation of organization field by selecting high-quality programme and evaluation of talents-cultivation.The higher vocational collage reached a common sense of the basic feature of higher vocational college and the way to run it.The idea of“Combining Learning with Working”,”Cooperation between School and Enterprise”,”Double-professionally-titled Teachers”,”work process depending development of course”,”Working Practice”had been adopted.(c)The stage of“Career Orientation”(2010?).The transformation of“Career Orientation”increased the rate of employment,while the single characterization of number cannot completely expose the true situation of the employment,because the quality of employment and career of the graduates was unsatisfying.The crisis of employment in higher vocational graduates raise the transformation for higher vocational college,to improve the quality of education and its attraction.The interaction of local government,enterprise and higher vocational colleges turn into system,with the power of<National content of education development in mid-long-term(2010?2020)>.And the co-operation with university for higher vocational college has been re-started.At the same time,higher vocational colleges started to focus on career education.In 1^st period,While with the restriction of policy prejudice,upgrading inducement,favor of choosing student source,regulation of sense for college education and the force of imitation,higher vocational colleges has to imitate collage subject as model,as the consequence,they compress collage courses and pursue the rate of“upgrading to the university”.In 2^rd period,the system logic that dominates the transformation of organization field to career orientation are:the national logic of“education serves the development of socialism economy”,“education serves the development of socialism economy”;the system logic of“programme drive”;the market logic of“supply of students”,“meet needs of employers”;and the education logic of“Vocationalism”.In the last period,the organization field of higher vocational college is dominate by the nation logic of“education serves the people”,the system logic of“promoted by nation,innovated by local government”,the market logic of“Crisis of Enrollment”and“the new demand of industry upgrading”and education logic of“Being a man”jointly.