Equity-based Support Policy On The Employment Of Poor Students During The Transformative Period

Aiming at studying the support policy on the employment of poor college students during the transformative period, the dissertation expounds the characteristics of the support policy and explores how to realize the policy transformation of assisting the poor college students and supporting them to be employed. An important factor in materializing employment equity is to enhance employment ability while necessary assistance and employment support are a prerequisite to the improvement of employment ability of the poor students.The dissertation expands the employment equity conceptually, thus going beyond the traditional idea that views employment equity as anti-discrimination in employment. Drawing on Rawl's justice, I emphasize that employment equity is in essence a right; fair employment as opposed to employment discrimination, on the other hand, means simply the fair chance. The fair employment competition between different social groups can only be actualized through supporting the employment ability of the relatively disadvantaged group.In light of the employment equity, the dissertation makes a close study of employment support policy college student assistance policy in terms of its development, status quo, and proposes suggestions and methods for improvement. It puts forward, based on the analysis of the rationality and necessity of student employment cost and the cost sharing principle, the rules and methods of employment cost sharing. In addition, based on the data from questionnaires and interviews about employment support and student assistance at Nanjing University, analysis and assessment are made on the current policy, policy framework is established of employment support during the transformative period; furthermore, the writer gives, by contrastive approach, a thoughtful analysis of planning, making and executing of the policy, and proposes policy suggestions.The dissertation contains not only reflections and assessment of the current policy but also thinking and suggestions concerning the new creative policy. From the viewpoint of equity theory, the dissertation sorts out, analyzes and expounds college student assistance and employment support policies, thereby integrating the previous policies and putting forward equity-based employment support policy framework and alternative solutions.The dissertation is structurally divided into three parts—introduction, text, and conclusion. The text is composed of seven chapters, each being cut into sections. The first chapter is introduction that states reasons of the research theme, review of the issue, research approach and method, original contribution of the dissertation and sources of document material.Chapter two expounds on employment equity in terms of its value and reality, thus providing the conceptual ground for the research. Specifically, the chapter begins with a discussion of the conceptual denotation of employment equity, and the significance of its realization. This is followed by the confrontation of theories of employment equity, one being neo-liberalism while the other being neo-conservatism. Then, there is the theoretical and practical argument of employment support in materializing employment equity, with a concise statement of China's employment support policy. The chapter concludes by analyzing the value and significance of rational social mobility and social stratification, demonstrating the necessity and possibility of social mobility of the disadvantaged college graduates during the transformative period.Chapter three mainly examines the development and evolution of Chinese social transformation and college student employment policy. In particular, it investigates the circumstances and characteristics of Chinese social transformation, the changes and development of student employment policy during this transformative period with respect to the reality of the employment policy system, and finally, the transition and development of the public policy in the transformative period and its effects on the employment of students, especially the poor students.Chapter four analyzes and studies from three perspectives the status quo of student employment in the transformative period and the employment difficulty of poor students. The first is an account of the severe situation of current employment in terms of quantitative press, starting salary and developmental trend. The second is a dissection of the present college student employment in terms of first employment rate, employment regional and professional distribution. The third is the characteristics of the poor students as a group, the problems with which they are confronted in employment, and the likely trend.The fifth chapter concentrates on the development of college student assistance policy and its effects on poor student employment. In the first place, the writer elaborates the present college student assistance policy and its theoretical foundation. Next, the writer investigates the evolution of the assistance policy with a view to dissecting its deficiency at different historical periods, and exploring the policy now being carried out. Lastly, the writer delves into the merits and demerits of the current policy.Chapter sixth offers a case study of the execution of the employment support policy at Nanjing University and the job application cost of its graduates. The chapter organizes and analyzes, by means of survey questionnaire and interviews, the problems and implementation experience of the employment support policy.The seven chapter integrates, based on the discussion of previous two chapters and sorting out the target of the student employment support policy, the policy-related philosophies and measures of poor student assistance and employment support. It then creatively puts forward the fundamental framework of poor student employment support policy during the transformative period.Chapter eight is a comparison of employment support policies adopted by different counties and districts in order to summarize, in consideration of varying characteristics of the countries, the experience and lessons from which we can learn. The chapter also proposes the suggestions as to where and how China takes measures to promote the implementation of employment support policy.Chapter nine is the concluding remark. It sums up the whole dissertation from two aspects. The first section is research conclusion, including, among others, (1) higher education has introduced market mechanism whereby students have to pay for their education, thus disrupting the balance of educational cost sharing. Following the marketization of college student employment appears student employment cost. From the perspective of promoting fair employment, it is necessary to boost formulation and implementation of the student employment support policy. (2) Insufficiency of poor student employment support gives rise to their corresponding lack of employment competitiveness and subsequently reduction of employment opportunity. Governmental invention and financial aids are needed if we hope to improve the supporting capacity, level and perfection of poor student support policy. (3) The formulation of employment support policy should take into consideration of the fair employment and the employment benefits of all the college students, extend the employment guarantee by enhancing guarantee capacity and level. (4) There is no one poor student employment support policy that applies to every and single poor student, a good employment support policy, however, should meet the employment needs of the poor students as a whole. The second section provides an ideal model and practical solutions as well as suggestions to the policy concerned.