Research On The People's Support For The Huai-Hai Campaign In The Liberated Area Of Shandong Province

In September 1948,the smoke of the Jinan Campaign had not yet completely dissipated,while the battle plan for the Huai-hai Campaign had been brewing in Su Yu's mind.After repeated consideration by the Central Military Commission,the Huai-hai Campaign finally officially kicked off on November 6,1948.The People's Liberation Army and the Kuomintang Army fought fiercely in a vast area with Xuzhou as the center,from Haizhou in the east,Shangqiu in the west,Lincheng in the north and Huaihe River in the south.Long before the Huai-hai Campaign was launched,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission attached immense importance to the work of supporting the front of large-scale battles and emphasized many times to make adequate preparations.In accordance with relevant arrangements,East China,North China,Central Plains,and other places have successively held meetings of supporting the front,established and improved institutions of supporting the front.The East China Bureau established the East China Committee of Supporting the Front,with the principle of "combination of farming and warfare",to unify lead the work of supporting the front in East China.The Shandong Liberated Area has the basis to support large-scale battles and has become the main force supporting the Huai-hai Campaign.From an economic point of view,Shandong's agriculture,handicrafts,and transportation industries have had a certain foundation since the Anti-Japanese War.After entering the War of Liberation,thanks to the support and help of the government,the economy had a rapid development.From a political point of view,the Chinese Communist Party has been governing in Shandong for many years.The democratic regime was relatively consolidated and sound.The party's organization has continued to grow and develop.In addition,the party had a powerful armed force.Therefore,the society was maintained in a relatively stable order.From a mass basis,the people of Shandong have always had a glorious revolutionary tradition of defying violence and resisting bravely.Besides,after the party's education,the revolutionary belief of the people in patriotism and rescuing the country has been cultivated,and the ideological consciousness has been raised.These profound economic,political,and mass foundations provided favorable conditions for the Shandong Liberated Area to support the Huai-hai Campaign.The people of Shandong participated in the work of supporting the front in the Huai-hai Campaign under the leadership of the East China Committee of Supporting the Front and other organizations of supporting the front at all levels.After mobilization,a large number of migrant workers were gathered from various places.According to the different tools used,teams of shoulder poles,stretchers,wheelbarrows,and carts have been formed.In order to build them into a strong and stable front support force,the agencies of supporting the front at all levels have formulated various regulations,policies,and methods.Starting from all aspects of work and life,the migrant workers have been scientifically and orderly managed,and a series of measures have been taken to provide them with multiple guarantees.In the process of supporting the front,the migrant workers carried forward the revolutionary spirit of hard work and without fear of sacrifice.They carried shoulder poles and stretchers,pushed wheelbarrows,and carts,tossing around in the mountains and forests,and trekking in the mud.They braved the wind,frost,rain,and snow of the cold winter,and faced the fire attack of the enemy,continuously supplying a large number of materials to the front line in an endless stream.Countless heroes and model characters have emerged among them,creating touching deeds and composing a magnificent epic of the people supporting the war.During the Huai-hai Campaign,the Shandong Liberated Area dispatched more than 2183000 migrant workers and militiamen,380000 wheelbarrows,58000 stretchers,and 41000 shoulder poles.Among all the migrant workers from East China,North China,Central Plains and other places,according to incomplete statistics,Shandong people accounted for 92% of the standing migrant workers with the army.The Shandong people dedicated themselves and gave their all-out support,which made a great contribution to the Huai-hai Campaign,and also vigorously promoted the victory process of the entire War of Liberation.