| Railway has experienced quite a tough and varied experience in China as a consequence of Industrialization and exerted a profound influence on the development of modern chinese society and economy.Meanwhile,it has been endowed with extensive functional values and has come to be an essential carrier in the course of the organs of political power on account of its functions of connecting territories,activating the economy as well as benefiting the Military.From the late Qing Dynasty to the foundation of the New China,railway was continuously peeped by various political powers especially during social chaos periods,and hence become the Interaction point of Controdictions from various political powers,which indicates vividly that though as a means of transportation,railway is closely connected with the all-round development of a country in terms of politics,economy,societ and military.During the War of liberation,with victories overwhelming and the take-over of cities widespread,the Chinese Communist Party came to be aware of the basic functions and importance of railway,and undertook widespread take-over railway issues.But it remained to be seen how could the CCP take over the railway system swiftly and accurately and how to manage and rebuild it afterwards,which served as quite an important condition to eliminate Bureaucratic Capital Enterprises,and to continue to promote the New Democratic Revolution,and to build New Democracy and social Construction eventually.To put it in a nutshell,it turned out to be quite a complicated historical process for the CCP to take over the railway system.Unlike other take-over of Bureaucratic Capital Enterprises,the specific and wide-ranging characteristics of the take-over of railway set the CCP to ensure the integrity of railway factory and railway affiliated Units in addition to smooth railway transport,and further to motivate the network of railways to come alive within a short period,which would serve the Liberation War,the construction of New China and stability of social order.So,the CCP undertook a series of complete,massive and systematic measures on railway,following the principles of “take over--manage--rebuild”.In the take-over section,the CCP employed the strategy of “leave it as it is”,and took over the personel,organisation and facilities via the top-to-bottom leadership and bottom-to-top staff participation,which laid a solid foundation for the smooth railway take-over in terms of personel,organ and substance.Meanwhile,the management of CCP over the railway system was essential and penetrating and served as the transition for the rebuilding later.In the section of Management,the CCP maintained partial previous policies in the hope of reviving the railway transportation and set it in order swiftly.The management involved the repairing oflines,the transfer of personnel and business management,which laid a solid foundation for the revivement of railway business.The rebuilding section serves as a core process for the CCP in the course of railway system take-over.The output of rebuilding was a milestone in a sense,and this process mainly involved the organ rebuilding,transfer of personnel and system refinement.To put it in the specific international background of learning from the former Soviet Union,the nature of rebuilt railway system was transfered,becoming the important platform and image of the New Democratic country construction,and supported the transaction from the New Democratic society to the Socialist society powerfully.As the beginning of the New China construction under the leadership of the CCP,this basic process of takeover-Management-rebuild has exerted a profound effect on the whole railway industry,and has founded the Marxism-instructed,the CCP-led development path andhas promoted the overwhelming development of New china railway Industry and hense has transfered the foundamental nature of railway system.In the meantime,the railway-take-over of the CCP embraced outstanding features,accumulated abundant experience and modelled other industries in the course of the Liberation War.Although there once existed some false tendencies in the process due to the lack of experience in this area,it goes without saying that the historic process of railway take-over was successful and satisfactory on the whole and was of great significance,which has instructed and will still instruct the development of chinese railway industry in the future in the long run. |
