| Nowadays technology has already become a decisive force in human social life.While we fully enjoy the convenience of the development of technology in our life,we are also confused and feared that power will suppress and discipline the individuals through the technology.In fact,power and technology have never been separated.Power has always needed to express and work in certain ways and methods.If we focus on the community,we will find that there always has two types of power within the community which are administrative power and social power.In the overall society,when the state govern the grass-roots society,the excessive pursuit of administrative power has led to many modern cnsequences.The residents’s life-world has been eroded,the residents’s subhectivity has been eliminated,the society’s autonomy has declined,and the state’s cost of grassroots society has become higher and higher.Gradually,the government has emerged from the autonomy vacancy situation in which only the government acts,the society has no action and the residents do not act.After the reform and opening up,China has been gradually entering a differentiated society,the social forces has benn developing,and a relatively independent society began to form.The party and the country has begun to guide the diverse social forces to participate the community governance.Howerve,due to differences in needs,interests and values,multi-participants’ participation can not be naturally led to multi-subjective co-governance,even triggering multiple conflicts.Ather the party’s 18th national congress,local governments sought to cooperate with experts and schnologies,increase the degree of professionalism of community residents committees,and crack down on the problems of residents’non-participation,and relize the continuous good governance to some extent.Academic research is to turn the social issues into academic issues.From this perspective,there are two major issues to be studied in this paper.First,in the grass-roots social govermance,which is the logic of the comination of power and technology?Second,what is the relationship between the political goals of the state’s grass-roots society and the technical means used in different historical periods.Focusing on the problem awareness,this article proposes three research hypotheses.The first hypothesis is that in different historical periods,the political objectives of the state goverance grass-roots society are diffierent,the technical means used are different,and the rationale for exercising power is also different;The second hypothesis is that under different technical means,the states empowers the obhect is different,the nature of power is also different;the third hypothesis is that under different technical means,the relationship between the states and society is different,the effect of governace is different,the effect of governance is different,and the focus of power is also different.For the convenience of research,this article draws lessons from the viewpoint of professor Sun,we belives that China’s social structure has undergone a transition from an overall society to a divisive society,but it has also carried out academic processing.The histocial period before the party’s 18th Nationl Congress was placed under the overall society.In order to better distinguish between different historical periods,the country adopted different technical means.The article takes the lever of autonomy of the country and society as the standard,and considers that in the overall society,the primary government of the states governance uses mainly the power technology,including monitoring technology,the dependent technology,and adminisitrative contracting technology.Under a divided society,the society adopts more and more goverance technologies,including charity venture capital technology,erternal guidance technology and self-integrationg technology.Power technology is reault-oriented and focuses on efficiency.Its core is that power and resources are closed within the administrative system.Residents always become passive enjoyment of public services and spectators of public welfare actions in community governance,which is not conducive to the cultivatation of residents’ subhectivity.The use of power technology has become effective in a short period of time.However,in the long run,the cost of goverance in the grass-roots society will increase.Therefore,we can see monitoring technology and dependent technology to administrative and contracting technology.The state’s control over grass-roots society is gradually weakening and the autonomy of technology has become a new technology choices for the state’s goverance at the grassroots level.Governance technology is not a simple denial and abandonment of power technology,but is based on the self-reflection of power technology.Social governance techniques are transformed from the control of results to the guidance of the process,focusing on the guidance and empowerment of social forces,and focusing on changes in the participation of residents.From philanthropic venture capital technology to external guidance technology,to the self-integration technology of future community governance,we can see that the autonomy of society is gradually increasing,and the resident’s subjectivity gradually germinates,but the country still plays an important role in it.It exerts a deeper influence on community governance through "visible hand" and "invisible hand".After sorting out the techniques used by the state to manage the grassroots society in different periods,the article discusses in depth what is the core of the governance changes in China’s urban communities?In the community field,administrative power and social power have always existed.In the overall society,the community is full of administrative power,and the power of society or the power of consent is lacking.However,the country has been seeking changes.It can be seen from the experimental of community construction that administrative power is sinking and the functions of the government are changing.The use of social governance techniques can,on the one hand,generate more social power.At the same time,the concepts and procedures advocated by social governance technologies can soften the rigidity of administrative power to a certain extent and increase the level of positive interaction between the government and society.The reason why governance technology can be a key medium for generating social power is because of two major characteristics of technology:soft ideas and hard programs.Technology can achieve deep integration with various elements of power(including administrative power and social power)in community governance,so as to form a sustainable ability of good governance at the grass-roots level.This is also the connotation of technical politics in community governance.The article received a total of seven conclusions.Conclusion one:The community does have the ability of self-government.Its manifestation is influenced by different choices of governance technologies.Conclusion two:Governance technology is not simply abandonment and denial of power technology,but is based on self-reflective projections.Conclusion three:Community governance needs to increase more social powers;Conclusion four:Community governance governance needs to play the core leading role of grassroots party organizations;Conclusion five:Reshaping government school believes that the role of the government can easily shift from"paddling" to " "The helm" optimistic assumption,even under the blessing of governance technology,I am afraid it is difficult to easily achieve in a short time;Conclusion six:Any technology has its use of boundaries,we can not fall into the technology determinism or technology universal theory;Conclusion seven:Community governance is the process of multi-subjects from participation to co-governance,and it is also the process of multi-subject responsibility consciousness generation. |
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