A Study Of Heidegger’s Thought Of The Ground Of Being

Heidegger’s thought of the ground of being includes two aspects:one is the question itself,namely the question of the ground of being;another is the answer to the question,namely the theories which Heidegger proposed for the question and the thinking road which he tracked.“Why are there beings at all instead of nothing?”is Heidegger’s question of the ground of being,but it presents three faces: the fundamental question of metaphysics,the question of the ground of being,the question of the ground of metaphysics.In the thinking of Leibniz and successors,the question exercised in metaphysics,and is referred to as the fundamental question of metaphysics.But in Heidegger’s thought,it presents he question of the ground of being,that which is interrogated is nothing and beings which wavering between not-Being and Being,that which is asked about is Being itself,that which is to be found out by the asking is the ground of being of beings and the ground of not-being of nothing.Heidegger’s purpose to pick up on the question was to ask Being itself,to find the ground of being of beings and the ground of not-being of nothing by transcending beings and it’s being,thus laying a foundation for metaphysics.Therefore,the question of the ground of being essentially is the question of the ground of metaphysics in Heidegger’s thought.In his thought before Contributions to Philosophy,Heidegger wanted to lay a foundation for metaphysics by means of solving the question of the ground of being,finding the ground of being of beings.Heidegger advocated that there are two directions in metaphysics:one is researching beings as beings to ask the most general ground of beings,another is researching beings as a whole to ask the most highest ground of beings.By them,there are two traditions(transcendental-essence-ontology,transcendent-existence-theology)and one constitution(onto-theo-logical constitution)in metaphysics.Heidegger laid a foundation for metaphysics by metaphysical means,that is to say,proposed metaphysical theory to lay a foundation for metaphysics.Heidegger’s metaphysics also developed in two above-mentioned directions.In the thinking model of analogous unity,Heidegger materialize the question of being to the question of the meaning of being,and “meaning”was endowed with the connotation of “the ground as the condition of possibility of being”.The question of the meaning of being is included in the question of the ground of being.The former is anterior and ontological part to the latter.Fundamental ontology is the answer to the question of the meaning of being,and is the metaphysics of Dasein.In the theory,Heidegger attributed the ground of being of not-Dasein beings(reality)to being of Dasein(existence),then unified three manners of existence at meaning:temporality(Zeitlichkeit).Heidegger came to the conclusion that the condition of possibility of being of all beings,the original united ground of being of beings,is temporality(Zeitlichkeit)and and Temporality(Temporalit(?)t).Consequently,fundamental ontology is the transcendental-ontological answer to the question of the ground of being.Rethinking of fundamental ontology,Heidegger realized it preinstalled the being of beings as a whole as it’s precondition.So,he proposed metontology to lay a foundation for fundamental ontology.The object of metontology is beings as a whole and it’s being(world),the ground of beings as a whole is free as to let be.Consequently,metontology is the transcendent-theological answer to the question of the ground of being.The unity of fundamental ontology and metontology constitute whole metaphysics.But Heidegger realized that the answer to the question of the ground of being by fundamental ontology and metontology was interim rather than ultimate.He no more laid a foundation for metaphysics by proposing metaphysical theory.So,Heidegger sprang in the domain of the truth of being through three levels of ways which was opened up by metontology.In the thinking of history of being,Heidegger realized that being itself have the characters of proffering and withdrawing.Then he provided the ultimate answer to the question of the ground of being,and laid a ultimate foundation for metaphysics:1.By proffering,being itself clears up the temporal-play-space so that beings can appear in it.2.The ground of being of beings is being itself,the mystery is that“being itself and ground belong together in a Greek word λ(?)γο(?)”,λ(?)γο(?) names being itself and ground at the same time.3.The ground or reason of not-being of nothing is that being itself has the character of appearing and hiding.Beings appears while being withdraws.4.The differentiation of essence and existence come from difference which operate when being itself essential sway.On the one hand,being itself as (?)ρχ(?) is that out of which commences every particular being that is.Being itself is the cause of existence of beings.On the other hand,being itself as (?)ρχ(?) is that by which it continues to be dominate in the sway as something that has commenced.Being itself is regarded as the most general and the most effective principle dominating being of every beings.