A Study Of Modern Japanese Military Basic Chinese Textbooks

In the history of teaching Chinese as a second language,Chinese textbooks that embody the awareness of Chinese for special purposes emerged in the second half of the 19th century,and a great deal of practical exploration began in Japan.In the modern era,Japan launched the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,the Russo-Japanese War,the September 18th Incident,the July 7th Incident,and then the full-scale invasion of China.Under the background of the invasion,Japan produced textbooks for military,commercial,police,railroad,agricultural,medical,and mining purposes.Among them,the number of military textbooks is the largest and the most representative.The so-called Japanese modern military Chinese textbooks are the Chinese textbooks specially written for Japanese soldiers who carried out invasion tasks in Chinese territory from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the defeat and surrender in 1945.From the perspective of teaching Chinese as a second language,this paper quantifies and analyzes the communicative scenes,the arrangement of linguistic knowledge,and the writing style of Japanese military basic Chinese textbooks,and explores the characteristics of Chinese language usage,linguistic knowledge,and national knowledge in the context of military scenes.The text is divided into six chapters.The text is divided into six chapters,specifically.Chapter 1,Introduction.In view of the historical and practical reasons,it is necessary to study modern Japanese military basic Chinese textbooks.The corpus of this thesis comes from sixteen Japanese military basic Chinese textbooks.Therefore,this paper proposes to use the theory of teaching Chinese for special purposes derived from ESP and the general teaching theory of Chinese as a second language to study and analyze the characteristics and writing patterns of Japanese modern military basic Chinese textbooks.Chapter 2:The Development of Japanese Military Chinese Textbooks in Modern Times Japan's recent invasion of China,the Chinese language personnel reserve and the tradition of writing Chinese textbooks constitute the three cornerstones of Japanese military textbooks,especially the evolution of Japan's invasion of China directly determines the trend of military textbooks.The development of modern Japanese military textbooks can be divided into three periods,namely,the period from the Meiji period after the SinoJapanese War to the end of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905,the period from the end of the Russo-Japanese War to the "September 18" Incident in 1931,and the period from the"September 18" Incident to 1945."The period from the end of the Russo-Japanese War to the end of the September 18 Incident in 1931 was a period of calm penetration,and the period from the September 18 Incident to the defeat and surrender of Japan in 1945 was a period of radical fervor.In the three different periods,Chinese and Japanese military textbooks present distinctive features.Chapter 3,a study of the contents and scenes of modern Japanese military Chinese textbooks.16 military textbooks present 98 specific military scenes,divided into 15 categories,and 30 specific scenes of daily life communication,divided into 8 categories.These scenes in the textbooks can be directly corresponded to the contents recorded in the memoirs or diaries of multiple invading soldiers.The military and everyday communicative scenes and contents in the military textbooks are highly compatible with the actual Chinese communicative scenes of the invading Japanese soldiers.Chapter 4:Linguistic Features and Organization of Modern Japanese Military Chinese Textbooks:The 16 military textbooks have practical features in the presentation and organization of phonological knowledge,common and military words,common phrases(single sentences)and military single sentences,and common and military conversations.In comparison,the three special-purpose textbooks,"The Complete Textbook of Military Chinese","Conversation in Police Chinese",and "Japanese and Chinese Conversation for Hospitals",which were also used as the basic stage of the course,reveal the conversational characteristics of the military textbooks and show that the military Chinese textbooks are written in accordance with the principles of teaching Chinese as a second language.It is also clear that military Chinese textbooks are written in accordance with the principles of teaching Chinese as a second language.Chapter 5:The Writing Styles of Modem Japanese Military Chinese Textbooks The writing styles of the 16 military textbooks show common features,namely,they basically adopt the "phonetics-general communication-military communication" writing pattern,and the Japanese and military communication patterns."These textbooks were carefully designed by the textbook writers,who often have both profound knowledge of Chinese and rich experience in military practice.Chapter 6:Reflections on Japanese military Chinese textbooks in modern times.The Japanese military textbooks violate the common values of human beings,partially ignore the cognitive rules of learners,and have various errors and defects.At the same time,we summarize and analyze three aspects of experience in an academic manner,namely,emphasizing communicative utility,pursuing learning efficiency,and striking a balance between general and specialized use,which can be used as a reference for the preparation of special-purpose Chinese textbooks in international Chinese education today.Military textbooks were the product of Japan's war of aggression against China,and at the same time they "fed" the war by providing linguistic support for Japan's aggression against China.Military textbooks were designed to meet the needs of the war,so their greatest characteristic is their great practicality,and "practicality" is precisely the primary goal pursued by special-purpose Chinese textbooks in contemporary international Chinese education.The study of Japanese military Chinese textbooks in the modern era can provide historical reference for the development of contemporary special-purpose Chinese teaching and teaching materials.