A Research On Issues Of Mongol-yuan Household Registration Documents From The Perspective Of Multi-dynasty Comparison

The Mongol rose in the northern grassland at the beginning of the 13 th century,swept across Eurasia like a torrential wind and rain,subjugated Xixia,Jin and the Southern Song dynasties successively,which made the history of Mongol-Yuan dynasty become a natural clue to connecting those dynasties.The study on the origin and development on the household registers of Mongol-Yuan dynasty could be hopeful to break out those fences of dynastic history.A deeper observation of the rise and decline of Mongol-Yuan dynasty could get connotations of the regional integration system including Steppe,Central Plains and regions south of the Yangtze River.Mongol-Yuan household registers originated from the"hukou k?k?d?bt?r"(????),its primary characteristic is to mark the ownership of the household-"genjiao"(??).After the establishment of the huji(??)system,the level of"genjiao"(??)was further enriched.Xixia was destroyed by Mongol,it would point out some basic problems of Xixia household registration system that were mistakenly judged by previous scholars,and the influence of Xixia on Mongol household registers was further discussed.Xixia and Mongol-Yuan's household registers were not affected radically by the reform of Tang and Song dynasties.Since Mongol entered in the Central Plains,the household registration system began to form.Jin Dynasty three-year registration and“Tongjiantuipai”(????)were not two parallel systems.After King Sejong-Jin,there was no conclusive evidence that the three-year registration continues,and the successive substitution relationship between them may be true in the Jin History(????).The Northern Yuan Dynasty inherited the rat tail law of the Jin Dynasty and further developed into a tax service system centered on the rat tail book,which was complementary to the"genjiao"(??)household registration system.Combing the Yuan Dynasty registered households,it can be seen the formation process of household registration system.After Qubilai perished the Southern Song Dynasty,he immediately reformed the Jiangnan household registers and service law.The registers documents no longer clearly divided into household registers,tax and servitude in the Song Dynasty,the newly formed"official-civilian duality"was the most characteristic of registration system in the Song Dynasty.After the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty,its official domicile was immediately absorbed into the Yuan household registration,and the hutie(??)was not transformed into the household registration document held by the people until the twenty-seventh year of Zhiyuan(??)in the Yuan Dynasty.Following the dramatic succession of"double edition"in Song Dynasty,Yuan Dynasty formed a chain of household registration documents with shouzhuang(??),household register and hutie(??)as the core,which deeply influenced the household registration system in the Ming Dynasty.As for the household registration of Khara-Khoto in Yuan Dynasty,the predecessors paid attention to individual typical cases.In fact,it was only the intermediate form of document compilation,combined with other household registration types,that could reveal the hierarchical characteristics of the household registration of Yuan Dynasty.According to the basic principle of dividing the area and distinguishing the household count,the final goal is to make the household registration final copy according to the descending order of the number of adult households in Huzhou(??).The final goal is to make the household registration final copy according to the division of the area and the difference of household count.The final goal was to make the final household registration book according to the division of population and the order of household registration.Affected by this,the Yuan Dynasty greatly changed the Jiangnan service law,specifically manifested in the expansion of the scope of servitude from the main household to all the common people,the standard of servitude tilted towards the people.In addition,the population plunder during the Song-Yuan War and the war spoils after the war also greatly changed the background of the enforcement of the Jiangnan Service Law.