Research On The Famine Relief In Yunnan And Guizhou Provinces In The Qing Dynasty

Natural disasters in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of Qing Dynasty showed the distribution characteristics of universality,continuity,accumulation and overlapping in different space-time range,and the persistence and derivation of disasters resulted in the spread of famine.In the face of severe disasters,the Qing government and the Yunnan-Guizhou local government have taken the country’s complete famine system as the blueprint and actively carried out the disaster relief.As an important tool of national social governance in the Qing Dynasty,the allocation of money,grain and other relief materials,the coordinated implementation of disaster relief measures,as well as emergency supplies of relief materials between the neighboring province in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces,to a greater extent,it has expanded the living space of the victims in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.The institutionalization of national desolation of Qing Dynasty and the systematization of the practice of disaster relief provided important conditions for disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.The rulers of Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the social management and management of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces during the famine.The government of Qing Dynasty managed Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and the"nationalization" process from top to bottom,which provided the system support for the disaster management of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.The changes of natural environment and social environment in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces aggravated the frequency of natural disasters in this area,and influenced the process of strengthening social governance in southwest border provinces of Qing Dynasty.As an important method for the state to govern the southwest frontier,the desolation system laid a solid foundation for the consolidation and management of the southwest frontier for the Qing Dynasty.The integration of disaster relief resources of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces and the surrounding province and even the Central Plains of the Qing Dynasty strengthened the coordination and linkage ability and emergency response ability of the Qing government during the period of disaster and famine management in the southwest frontier area,and basically accelerated the development process of the"integration" of the Qing DynastyBorder governance is one of the hot topics of theoretical and practical research in current academic circles.Taking Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of Qing Dynasty as the specific period and region,taking the social governance and its effects of national famine relief in Qing Dynasty as the research object,this paper analyzes the national emergency response ability of social management in southwest frontier area during famine period.To understand the theory and practice,history and reality of disaster relief in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces of Qing Dynasty.At the same time,based on the historical dimension and realistic dimension of disaster relief in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces,this paper deeply analyzes the governance ability and basic situation of the southwest frontier of the Qing Dynasty,and probes into the southwest frontier governance system of the Qing Dynasty,as well as the underlying identity and national identity of Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.This paper systematically explains the deep mechanism and positive effect of disaster relief in the process of social governance in the southwest border provinces of Qing Dynasty.