Analysis Of Thoughts Of Famine Relief In The Tang Dynasty And The Song Dynasty

As an ancient large agricultural nation, Chinaese history of civilization is also a history of struggling with the natural disaster in some way. From the myth that Lady Nv Wa repaired the leaking sky to the tale that King Da Yu regulated the Flood, and to all other stories of the successive dynasties struggled with all kinds of natural disasters such as the big flood, drought, locust, all these facts have proven this word. So many thoughts of famine relief were put by the ruler of each dynasty, and by the men of great insight. These thoughts were summarized in the practices of struggling with the natural disasters. But these precious thoughts are lost in the ocean of historical books, we are still facing the famine, and we are still struggling with the natural disasters now. How can we use these precious famine relief thoughts? I read many books about the Chinese thinking of famine relief, so I had an idea that we can get benefits from the ancient thinking of famine relief, and we can use them in the struggle with the famine caught by all kinds of natural disasters. And this was the inspiration of my master paper. But China has a long history, it is impossible to introduce all the ancient thinking of famine relief in a master paper. So I chose the thinking of famine relief in the period of the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty as the subject. Because the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty were prosperous in economic, politics and culture etc. I try to analyze the thoughts of famine relief of this period overall and systematically.Natural disasters and famines occurred frequently in the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty. Simultaneously it was the stage of the thoughts of famine relief becoming mature. It was an important watershed of Chinese thought of famine relief. In order to prevent and control the famine effectively, the rulers and men of great insight of the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty proposed many policies, measures and ideas. They also left many literatures about the thinking of famine relief behind. Through the study of these literatures and the domestic multitudinous scholars'research results, I realized the importance of the in the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty in the system of Chinese thinking of famine relief. The Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty were very important stage in Chinese history, so it is very important and valuable to study the thoughts of famine relief of this stage. And it also has certain practical significance in the disaster reduction work in now days.I collected many related literatures and viewpoints of the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty. Under the introduction of the economic theories and the agricultural disaster economics, I use the comparative analysis method in the analysis. I analyzed the characteristics and contributions of different thoughts of famine relief in different literatures. And I did some basic preliminary discusses in the influences and inspirations to the following thoughts of famine relief. This article is divided into seven parts. The first part is"introduction". I introduced the basic theory of the agricultural disaster economics. And then I analyzed the negative influences of agricultural disasters and the economic effectiveness of reducing the bad influences of disasters. At last I got the result by the theory"negative and negative is positive": the agricultural disaster reduction meant the increased production, the increased production meant actual GDP increased in the total quantity. The agricultural disaster reduction work is a kind of increasing production measure, and is economic growth. I introduced the thoughts of famine relief before the Tang Dynasty in three aspects (prevents before the disaster, relief in the disaster and production of restoration after the disaster). I analyzed the disasters and the relief measures in the Tang Dynasty in part four. These theories were put up by Lu Zhi, Liu Yan, Yao Chong and some other persons. I analyzed the disasters and the relief measures in the Bei Song Dynasty in part five. These theories were proposed by Fan Zhongyan, Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong. In this part I found that the thought of famine relief of the Song Dynasty had the characters such as systematization, institutionalization, and positive input in the disaster reduction work. In part six, I introduced the thoughts of famine relief of the Nan Song Dynasty. I got the characters of the Nan Song Dynasty by analyzing the theories of Dong Wei, Zhu Xi and Ma Duanlin. The famine relief management thoughts were gradually rational; they were more concern with the harmony of the human and the nature; and they are the conjunction of inheritance and innovation. In the last part, I got some inspirations to the agricultural disaster reduction from the ancient thoughts of famine relief.