A Study Of The Prehistoric Stone-Construted Toms In Liaohai Area Of China And North-west Korean

The reference and application method of this paper is the concept and paradigm of the regional history research which has come to the foreground in the world history research field in recent years.The research object is the prehistoric stone-constructed tombs in Liaohai area of China and north-west Korean Peninsula,the heartlands of North-east Asia.Stone-constructed tombs refer to the tombs whose vault or surface signs are entirely or partly constructed by stone materials,including stone-cluster tombs,sarcophagus tombs,stone-shed tombs and stone-cover tombs four main forms.Liaohai area of China and north-west Korean Peninsula,the heartlands of North-east Asia is the origin and core distribution area of the prehistoric stone-constructed tombs in Asia.The stone-cluster tombs originated in the Xinglongwa culture discovered in West Liaoning area can be traced back to 8000 years ago,it's the earliest prehistoric stone-constructed tomb in the world.The research results of the Xinglongwa culture and the Hongshan culture indicates that the stone-cluster tombs is not a general tomb in the first place.It's the outcome of the commemoration or enshrinement for the heroes with significant contribution to the welfare of their clans,thus having a tribal shrine nature.Liaodong Peninsula is another significant distribution area of the prehistoric stone-cluster tombs after the Hongshan culture.The sign of stone-cluster tomb was found in top layer of the Xiaozhushan culture and the first and the third period of the Shuangtuozi culture as well as the Shuangfang culture in the Dynasties of Western Zhou and Eastern Zhouwhich represents the last prehistorical development stage of stone tomb in this district.Wherein the third period of the Shuangtuozi culture and the Shuangfang stone-cluster tomb culture manifested the origins of dolmen tomb in the Liaodong Peninsula.The time lasted from the end of the Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period,the stone burials tradition passed generation after generation in this area.The sarcophagus tombs,stone-shed tombs and stone-cover tombs began to be in vogue after the stone-cluster tombs.Sarcophagus tomb was found in the Shuangfang culture at present,can be roughly divided into three types.First refers to the tombs surrounded with slates,it's the most popular one;second refers to the tombs accumulated with stones;third refers to the tombs both using stones and slates.Generally,three types of local burial for the top layer of the Xiajiadian culture.First refers to the direct bury in the soil;second refers to the stone coffin tomb;third refers to the bury of the additional stone panel out of the wooden coffin in the tomb.A distinctive feature of the Xiajiadian culture demonstrated in the prevalence of the stone tomb with wooden coffin.This funeral tradition should be the result of indigenous culture heritage and the integration of the Central Plains culture.The craftsmanship and overall development outlook of the bronze artifacts include traveling tools,weapons and beasts crafts of large and mid-size unearthed in upper the Xiajiadian culture tomb accelerated the coexisted culture of the north shore of the Black Sea,the Aral Sea and the Altai region in the same period.Therefore,it is reasonable to assume that bronze art of weapons,harness and beast pattern of the Xiajiadian upper culture has its own cultural tradition and directly affected the later Eurasian steppe bronze civilization.stone-shed tombs in Liaohai area is a production by the influence of native stone-cluster tombs culture.It begins in the third period of the Shuangtuozi culture in the mid-late period of the Shang Dynasty.Its advent belong to some family members or communities regard a small number of the deceased figure in the social superstructure as a patron saint.Taedong River and Qingchuan River in north-west Korean Peninsula is another stone-shed tombs aggregation region,outside of the Eastern Liaoning Province,and have a higher density than the latter.In the aggregate,the developing of the stone-shed tombs is influenced by stone-cluster tombs tradition,first appeared in the Liaodong Peninsula.With the development of the Shuangfang culture in the late Western Zhou Dynasty,the effect of the Shuangfang culture eastward to the Korean peninsula,and northward to the north district of eastern part of Liaohai.Stone-cover tombs is a kind of Stone-constructed tombs.It refer to the tombs whose burial rooms are build under the surface of the earth,its tomb walls are consisted of small stone materials,with a piece of megalith covered on the top.The research results showed that the emergence and development of stone-cover tombs and stone-shed tombs are generally in the same period and distribution location.To date the stone-cover tombs discovered in the south district of Liaodong area totality in an earlier age,it can be traced back to the end of the Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty.Stone-cover tombs located in Biliuhe River general in the early years.lt seems that the origin of the stone-cover tombs should be clousely related to this region.In summary,the main body of the age of the stone-shed tombs and stone-cover tombs that located in Liaohai area of China and north-west Korean Peninsula is from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States period.The archaeological research results demonstrated that the Shuangfang culture is the major archaeological culture in this area,its remarkable feature is Shuangfang style pottery pot and the traditional funeral.It is noteworthy that the creator of the Shuangfang culture historical remains is likely to be the ancients Mo.