| China's GDP per capita has reached$6629in2013, which means China has been in theclub of medium high income countries, but how to cross the middle-income trapis still adifficult problem in front of us. There are two ways to promote the economic growth: one ofwhich depends on inputs and the others is the TFP growth. But from the point of currentstatus of China's economic development, relying on the investment-driven economic growthis unsustainable, since1994China rising marginal capital output ratio of capital investmentefficiency falling (zhang,2010), if you want to maintain the same growth needs moreinvestment, this is unsustainable, of course; As China entered the aging society, lead tochanges in labor supply situation, on which economic growth before the "demographicdividend" of the cheap labor is gradually disappear. Therefore rely on promote total factorproductivity to change economic growth mode becomes the only way. As an important part ofeconomic growth, cultural industry can not only affect national economic growth throughintegration with other industries development, more can form a substantial economic growthin its own right (Potts,2009). Thus promote cultural industry total factor productivityimprovements related to China's future economic from OEM to OBM.In order to change the inefficient, small scale, unreasonable structure status of culturalindustries, the state council issued "the reform of cultural system in the pilot to support thedevelopment of cultural industry regulations" and "the cultural system reform pilot in theregulation of for-profit cultural institutions into enterprises" to reform the culturaladministrative systemat the end of2003. However,the policy effect depends on the totalfactor productivity growth of cultural industries and its restricting factors whichare the keypoint of further deepening the reform of cultural system. How to improve the total factorproductivity of cultural industriesis still an important problem.In this articl,we ask what toexent of the gap between regions, industries, ownerships.is the trend convergence? The mainfactors influencing the total factor productivity of cultural industry is what? In under therestriction of resources and the environment, to further promote the development of culturalindustry source? The future for the culture industry planning layout, policymakers shouldconsider?Around these problems, this article,at first, analysis themechanism thatmisallocationleads to efficiency loss of cultural industry. And then, we study the reasons thatgeneratethemisallocation in cultural industries. Lastly, we argue that it cananesis themisallocation by the cultural industries' agglomeration externalities. The core conclusionsare as follows: The first subject is to study the mechanism of the misalloctions leading to the loss oftotal factor productivityin the cultural industries.This part of the main research goal is under perfect competition market structure, thebuilding elements matching wrong cultural industry total factor productivity, the influencemechanism analysis framework, and theoretically analysis of heterogeneous culturalenterprises face distortion factor market, the profit maximization goal under the restriction ofbehavioral decision, in order to determine the factors caused by mismatch heterogeneity ofenterprise productivity change, and cultural industry overall changes in the total factorproductivity. Based on cultural industry and cultural enterprises micro data, research showsthat: based on the planned economy management system of the essence of culture is"differentiated development, market management," not only is there the industry control, sothat the whole culture industry where there is division. In light of the system, the total factorproductivity in the regional cultural industry, between industries, between ownership andthere is a big difference between businesses. Further analysis found that the elements ofcross-industry, cross-regional and cross-ownership mismatch is the main reason for the totalfactor productivity differences, which lead to efficiency loss is as high as13%, when theelement mismatch degree is higher, the greater the cultural industry overall efficiency loss.But along with the advancement of reform of cultural system, ease element mismatch degree,including capital mismatch degree higher than labor.The second subject is to study the causes which lead to misalloctions of culturalindustries.This part is to determine the cause of cultural industry factors the influence factors ofmismatch, and analyze these factors on the elements of the acting way and degree ofmisallocation by controlling these factors to alleviate element mismatch degree andbased onthe micro data of listed companies of Chinese culture, using panel quantile regression modelmismatch empirically the factors. The study found that (1) Pndustry controls deepenedmismatch factors of cultural industry. Whether using proportion of state-owned assets, theproportion of state-owned capital or state-owned proportion of labor force, to measure theindustry such as the proportion of state-owned investment control, according to governmentrestrictions on the industry of cultural industry promotes the mismatch factors of culturalindustry.(2) Industry controls for the promotion of cultural industry factor mismatch effectnature of property differences. Industry control elements for the deepening effect of mismatch,state-owned cultural enterprises than in non-state-owned enterprises.(3) Points area, industryscale of quantile estimates about mismatching of industry control elements of culturalindustry promote the effect of further empirical support. From points area estimation results itcan be seen that in eastern and central regions of the efficiency of industry control elements of cultural industry has significant role in promoting, but in the western region is not significant.Group estimates that results from the scale, industry control in various quantiles ofcoefficients is positive; industry control of small-scale cultural industry effect is greater thanmedium and large scale cultural industries.(4) subsidies for cultural enterprises, is notconducive to cultural elements mismatch relief, while the market spontaneous marketcompetition effect to promote culture industry resources use efficiency improvement.(5)Caused by administrative controls industry will deepen the excess profit element mismatchdegree, cultural industry and cultural enterprise's solvency can effectively relieve factormismatches.The third subject is using the industrial agglomeration externalities alleviate thepossibility of misallocation to explore factors of cultural industries.This part is to find an effective way to ease the misallocation using market mechanism.Based on the new economic geography and spatial agglomeration theory, through the nineprovinces in1998-2009cultural industry segmentation industry panel data, using SDM modelto study the dynamic space panel industry agglomeration externalities contact the mismatchbetween the internal factors of cultural industries, the study found that: industrialagglomeration externalities to alleviate mismatch has the important influence on culturalindustry.The regional industry competitive level both in direct effect and indirect effect issignificantly negative and the total effect is given priority to with direct effect; Industryspecialization level of local cultural industry total factor productivity has significant negativeside effects, but the effect is limited to direct effect; Between industry diversification level hasa negative influence on the cultural industry total factor productivity, but its indirect effect isnot obvious; In three kinds of industrial agglomeration externalities, regional industrycompetitive level is much higher than other two kinds of effects.In short, the perfection of cultural industry in the factor market and regional marketsegmentation, and limit the free flow of factors, combined with the cultural industry in theindustry control plan management model, such as the free entry and exit of culturalenterprises, the role of the two aspects led to the elements in between industries, betweenregions, between ownership and mismatch between enterprises; Elements of the existence ofmismatch hurt the development of cultural industries, leading to the loss of total factorproductivity. Therefore, from promoting cultural industry's point of view of total factorproductivity, this paper research conclusion to support further deepen the reform of culturalsystem, bankruptcy elements flow barriers, break the regional market segmentation, clearownership discrimination policy, promote cultural enterprises continuously on the spaceagglomeration. |
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