Big Data Driven Public Health Risk Governance

It is an important task of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era to adhere to the overall national security concept,implement the national big data strategy,and promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity.This determines that the public health risk governance driven by big data is a major practical issue that the current practice and academic circles are jointly committed to solve.The core issue of the paper is how to make big data an important driving force and value carrier of public health risk governance.That is,in the complex context of public health risk governance,how can big data becomes an important driving force of public health risk governance,through structural adjustment and process reengineering,then achieve the goal of risk governance and highlight the governance value.Epidemic surveillance has a long history.With the era background of globalization and irreversibility of modernity,the city promotes the continuous aggregation of people,the increasing relevance and mobility,and the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment of human settlements,which leads to frequent public health risks,the spread of the epidemic is more rapid and wider than ever before,and the difficulty of infection prevention and control is increasing,which makes the traditional public health monitoring system is no longer sustainable.At the same time,modern technology has radically changed the type,scope and speed of data collection and analysis.Because big data is expected to improve the tracking and response ability of epidemic situation,the ability of early detection and early warning of diseases,as well as the research and development ability of diagnostic detection methods and treatment methods,the use of big data to monitor and control public health risks has been given broad prospects by the academic community.However,from the perspective of practice,how big data can play a role in public health risk governance and highlight its value is still an empirical problem.Whether it is the HINI influenza in North America in 2008,Ebola virus in 2014 or Corona Virus Disease 2019 still spreading worldwide in 2020,the epidemic monitoring system based on big data failed to effectively early warn and take timely governance actions at the early stage.In other words,the existing research is mainly based on post analysis to show the possibility of implementing public health risk monitoring with big data.The lack of practical evidence shows that there is a huge gap between theory and practice.In view of this,in the face of the continuous threat of emerging,recurrent and variable global epidemics and the opportunities and challenges brought by the era of big data,this paper explores the key issues of big data driven public health risk governance based on the discipline paradigm and realistic proposition of public governance,based on big data driven,and taking the complex governance field of public health risk as the research object,to respond to the continuing threat of global public health risks.In short,we are committed to answering four closely related key questions.First,how to understand the complex contexts of public health risk governance?Second,how to analyze the structure and process of public health risk governance driven by big data?Third,how to analyze the value connotation of public health risk governance driven by big data?Fourth,how to understand the real dilemma and future trend of big data driven public health risk governance?Specifically,first of all,from the perspective of technology embeddedness theory to understand "big data driven",from "national governance modernization" to understand "risk governance system",and from the perspective of "technology system" interaction,the two are combined to explain the rise background,basic connotation and logic of big data driven public health risk governance.Secondly,on the basis of data governance theory,risk governance theory,social capital theory and value network theory,the context analysis of big data driven public health risk governance is carried out by using multi-material text analysis and case analysis,and several theoretical models of big data driven public health risk governance are proposed based on social capital theory and value network theory.Finally,return to the perspective of technology and system interaction,re-examine the real problems and future trend of big data driven public health risk governance under the governance context in China.Based on the above models,this paper compared with the results of the Chinese and American models in Corona Virus Disease 2019.Finally,return to the perspective of technology and system interaction,re-examine the real problems and future trend of big data driven public health risk governance under the governance context in China.As a normative study,the paper puts forward two important hypotheses:One is to insist on the non neutrality of data,that is,any data reflects the constructive significance of human action in a specific cultural context.The other is the essence of modern risk has duality,that is,any risk is the unity of objective reality and subjective construction.It also forms a key basis for understanding the complex context of public health,public participation and value levels.Generally speaking,the research is a grand and important realistic proposition under the background of big data era and national governance modernization.The main research conclusions are as follows:first,big data driven governance is a complex system problem,involving context,data and value of risk governance.Second,it is not only a kind of context governance tool,but also a kind of big data governance tool,a new social capital and the reconstructed value network.The traditional value chain model of risk management has turned to the value net model,which means a new change in governance structure,process and value.Especially as a social capital,the value of big data driving can not be separated from the trust,regulation and network.Third,the technological governance process in the Corona Virus Disease 2019 epidemic situation highlights the rule of China under the institutional culture advantage.The technology governance of China and the United States reflect the technology empowerment mode with individualism as the core and the technology embedding mode with collectivism as the core.Among them,institutional guarantee is the key to technological governance,especially the consistency of data standards and the organization and mobilization of governance actions;fourth,the logic of big data driven governance follows the basic path of"technology empowerment social interaction governance reconstruction",and will change from enabling" driving to "reconstructing" driving,which essentially reflects that big data driven governance is a process of human centered and institutional reengineering.There are three main innovations in the paper.First,starting from the phenomenon and cases,the paper constructs a theoretical model of risk governance applicable to the era of big data(such as Zhonglou model,value network model,etc.)from the perspective of value,which responds to the theoretical requirements of public health risk governance in the new era to a certain extent.Second,at the micro level,big data is regarded as a new type of social capital,which expands the value connotation of big data,emphasizes the importance of trust,regulation and network for big data capital,and clarifies the main body structure relationship and governance process in the process of big data driven public health risk management from the perspective of public participation.Third,at the macro level,based on the perspective of "technology institution" interaction,the logic of big data driven public health risk is clarified,and the big data driving mode is divided into progressive "enabling" driving and transformative "reconstructing" driving based on the difference of value trend,and the basic characteristics,differences and connections of the two are discussed in depth.The above analysis and innovation constitute the core understanding of big data driven public health risk governance in this study:big data driven governance is not only a complex context analysis process based on multi task and multi-objective,an interactive network coupling data governance and risk governance,but also a risk governance technology,resources,resources based on trust,norms,networks,capital and other elements of value innovation network.In short,big data has surpassed its own tool value in public health risk contexts,but has been endowed with multiple value connotations including public participation,consensus building and collaborative action.Big data driven governance is not only a transformation process of "enabling" to improve risk governance capacity,but also a multi-value network of"value-added" to reconstruct the risk governance system.