The Origin And Application Of The Five Spirits Theory

PurposeThe purpose of the author is to systematically clarify the theory of the Five Spirits in Chinese medicine,discarding its mysterious coat and revealing its inner essence.The author hopes to clarify the connotation of each part of the five spirits of Chinese medicine,the relationship between the five spirits categories,and the clinical application of the five spirits theory in ancient times through this thesis.Besides,the author looks forward to providing theoretical basis for clinical treatment of diseases related to the Five Spirits,and guidance on thinking and treatment methods by understanding the theory of the Five Spirits of TCM correctly and enriching the content of the Five Spirits in the contemporary TCM theoretical system.Methods1?Literature research method.including literature search,data collection,identification,sorting,compilation,etc.,to form the basic research materials for the entire research work.First,the author used spirit,soul,vigor,mind,and will as the search terms and include all theoretical documents related to the search term,excluding documents that are irrelevant or duplicated to the Five Spirits theory.Documents retrieved for search terms,spirit,soul,vigor,mind,and will are frequently searched and will be repeated.Therefore,on the basis of the first time,the screening is repeated to obtain further relevant search literature.2?Theoretical review.The author comprehensively used the multidisciplinary methods of history and literature research method,organized data based on TCM literature.The authors sorted out the contents of the Five Spirits and the relevant provisions of spirit,soul,vigor,mind,will,focusing on the philological combing and theoretical discussion of the content mentioned in medical books and using Five Spirits.Based on that,the author analyzed the category,structure and clinical application of the five spirits of Chinese medicine from origin to evolution,so as to interpret the Five Sprits theory of Chinese medicine more comprehensively and systematically.ResultsThe first chapter,the author studied spirit,soul,vigor,mind,will in philology respectively and analyzed cultural backgrounds of the five spirits.The ancient texts of spirit,soul,vigor each have clear connotations,while the connotations of mind and will are different,and sometimes they can be interchanged.The spirit,soul,vigor,mind,will have in common that they are all related to the heart.Spirit is a tool used to explain the unpredictability,representing invisible,functional,and changing symbols.Affected by the concepts handed down from ancient times,spirit,soul,and vigor are related to the concept of human life,on the one hand,spirit,soul,and vigor can be used to describe human life and death.On the other hand,they can all be used to explain mental phenomena that are difficult to describe.The three are different: spirit are closely related to the perception activities of the human heart,emphasizing the perceptual nature of spirit,and spirit can understand;soul refers to the human heart that depends on the spirit or physique of the body;vigor refers to the similar perception,changing thinking etc.The difference between soul and vigor is that vigor is the feeling that is attached to the body,and soul is the mind-feeling that transcends the body.Will and mind are closely related to the consciousness of the human heart,especially related to the qi of emotions.The author discussed the early thought and culture basis of each part of the five spirits from five aspects,the theory of witch doctor worshiping gods and the correspondence between heaven and man,humanistic thoughts and noble heart theory,shen and yin-yang gasification theory,time and space and five spirits,so as to comprehensively and correctly understand the Five Spirits.The second chapter,discussion on the Five Spirits theory in Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon represents the formation of the Five Spirits theory.The characteristics of the Five Spirits in Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon are: spirit dominates the heart,and the spirit controls life activities;the soul moves with the spirit,and the soul enters and exits with the essence,and the soul and soul represent both the yin and yang aspects of the spirit;the mind and the will emphasize the subjective view of the spirit initiative.The essence of the Five Spirit is to further refine and decompose the spirit into different concepts under the overall concept of the heart governing the function of the spirit in Chinese medicine: they belong to the five zangs and dominated by the heart.In Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon,the Five Spirits theory has been formed and has begun to take shape.In Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon,essence,qi,blood,flesh,pulse,camp combine spirit,soul,vigor,mind,and will and proposes that the five spirit and qi are stored in the five zangs,which embodies the spiritual thinking activities and physiological functions of human.The third chapter discusses the development and integration of the Five Spirits theory from the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.From the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon of Internal Medicine to the Tang and Song dynasties,and the Five Spirits theory showed multiple developments.In terms of medical theory,the structure of Five Spirits levels are constantly being clarified.The seven spirits of Classic on 81 Medical Problems belong to the category of the five spirits.The Pulse Classics links the five spirits and five bodies to analyze the prognosis of fever.During the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the Five Spirits theory developed further,which was reflected in the development of the Five Spirits theory by physicians during this period.Yang Shangshan and Wang Bing commented the Internal Classics,the level of the Five Spirits theory was further clarified.Jinyuan physicians discussed the pathogenesis of the Five Spirits disorders.Liu Wansu believed that the five senses of the fire are the most likely to disturb the mind.Li Dongyuan proposed the pathogenesis of the spleen and stomach disorders that disturb the mind.The content of development is mainly manifested in the two main aspects of the initial integration of the Five Spirits,Materia Medica and Meridians.Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica signifies that the theory of the Five Spirits has penetrated into Materia Medica.Supplementary Records of Famous Physicians has enriched Chinese medicines related to the Five Spirits,and has a great influence on the medication of the Five Spirits in later generations.Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion is the first to propose the Five Spirits: Pohu,Shentang,Hunmen,Yishe,and Zhishi.The Five Spirits are part of the five-element classification method and can be used as a reasoning tool or model for disease phenomena.Sui and Tang physicians have also begun to use the Five Zangs Generating Five Spirits theory to explain related mental symptoms and diseases.For example,Chao Yuan Fang used the five spirits to analyze the mental symptoms of mental abnormalities,which had a profound influence on the Tang and Song.The pathogenesis of the Five Spirits in the Sui and Tang Dynasties was also known from the guilty heart and the wind.The cause of the Five Spirits in the Song Dynasty gradually got rid of the external causes of the wind.In the Sui,Tang and Song Dynasties,physicians began to use the Five Zangs and Five Spirit Theory to explain related mental symptoms and diseases.There are many Chinese medicines and prescriptions for reference.The Ming and Qing dynasties were the confluence of the Five Spirits theory.On the one hand,it is the integration with Neo-Confucianism,which is mainly manifested in the medical sciences,represented by Zhang Jingyue and Huang Yuanyu.In particular,they have further developed the theory of the Five Spirits from the perspective of the Five Spirits and Qihua.The Spirit of infinite change can also be described and understood by the change of Qi.On the other hand,under the background of the integration of Chinese and Western medicine in the late Qing Dynasty,Zhu Peiwen and Tang Rongchuan contacted Chinese medicine and compared Western medicine knowledge,and proposed the new interpretation of some part of the Five Zangs Theory.Among them,the discussion on mind and brain is very special.Zhu Peiwen also discussed the similarities and complements between traditional Chinese medicine soul living in liver and western medicine brain qi,which is the modern brain and nerve system.Tang Rongchuan focused on the Five Zangs and the Five Spirits,especially in connection with Western medicine that the brain is responsible for the persistence of memory,the use of spleen and meaning-related memories,and the storage of memories in the kidney.These contents all supplement the Five Spirits theory.The forth Chapter also discusses the tributaries of the Five Spirits theory influenced by the Taoist body and spirit.Such as the contents of the five gods and the three souls and seven souls,Taoist soul and consciousness,guts.Tn the evolution of the Five Spirits theory system,most of the core views of medical experts are still based on the contents of the Five Spirits.The infiltration of certain Taoist concepts mainly absorbs the meaningful parts.The fifth chapter analyzes the Five Spirits are the highest regulation system of life activities.The Five Spirits belongs the same genus but different species,that is,the spirits,souls,vigors,minds and wills with the characteristics of the five elements are used as representative symbols to describe the changes of the spirits.The Five Spirits are all the use of mind and spirit,and embody life activities through gasification activities.The Five Spirits take the heart as the leading factor and the kidney as the foundation.Interaction of minds is closely connected through the kidney essence and mind.The overall characteristics of the Five Spirits are as follows.The Five Spirits are hidden in the essence of the zangs image.The Five Spirits are inseparable from the visceral qi and blood functions,reflecting the unity of physical and spiritual activities.The Five Spirits are also accompanied by the ups and downs with the birth,teenage,midlife and greybeard.The Five Spirits must rely on the nourishment of essence.The sixth chapter analyzes the etiology,pathogenesis,symptoms,diagnosis and treatment of the Five Spirits injuries.The etiology of the five-spirits injuries can be roughly divided into two ends,either due to unsuccessful emotions,the five aspirations transforming into fire,or secondary to the deficiency of the five viscera qi and blood,or the evil viscera,and the spirits have nothing to return.Five Spirits injured human body will show a series of symptoms of mental activity or physiological activity disorders,mainly symptoms of mental activity disorders.If the Five Spirits are damaged,they must first hurt the spirits.Divine disease precedes physical disease.The content of looking,looking and pulse diagnosis closely related to the Five Spirits.The treatment of five spirits disorders should be based on the regulation of the mind and energy.The author believes that the methods of regulating the Five Spirits injuries can be divided into two categories: direct regulating spirit methods and indirect regulating spirit methods.The seventh chapter analyzes the application of Five Spirits in the diagnosis and treatment of related neuropsychiatric diseases with examples.First,the author analyzes the qualitative syndrome differentiation model with Five Spirits-Five Zangs as the core positioning in the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.Secondly,the scattered literature on the treatment of Five Spirits and related diseases is sorted out.Finally,an example is analyzed about specific application of the Five Spirits in symptom analysis of neuropsychiatric diseases.ConclusionThe Five Spirits belongs the same genus but different species,that is,the spirits,souls,vigors,minds and wills with the characteristics of the five elements are used as representative symbols to describe the changes of the spirits.the Five Spirits theory system of traditional Chinese medicine is based on the five representative symbols of spirits,souls,vigors,minds and wills.It summarizes the corresponding mental and psychological activities,and explains various life phenomena of the human body from different aspects.The Five Spirits are all the use of mind and spirit,and they embody life activities through gasification activities.Therefore,the Five Spirits are the highest regulation system of life activities.The theory of Five Spirits of traditional Chinese medicine has enlightening significance for exploring the dialectical analysis of neuropsychiatric diseases,especially in the positioning and qualitative aspects of dialectical thinking,which can give clinical guidance on the Five Spirits-Five Zangs.Innovation:There are two innovations in this paper.First,the author systematically sorted out and analyzed the cultural history,medical origin,and development and evolution of the Five Spirits theory of Chinese medicine for the first time.By tracing the source,the author systematically sorted out the treatises of medical scholars of different generations,and did a lot of excavation on the development of the Five Spirits theory.The second is that the author systematically analyzed and summarized the application of the Five Spirits theory in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases,which will be important for guiding neuropathy and mental diseases,it is also a useful guidance for diseases related to spiritual factors.