| With the advancement of industrialization and urbanization in China,the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection is increasingly prominent,the conflict between environmental security incidents and environmental protection rights frequently occurs.The multiple and complex environmental problems and the traditional governance model of the government make the social stability,government credibility and public satisfaction of environmental governance in China suffer continuous doubts and impacts.And this situation even evolves into major mass incidents,which have led to the loss of a large number of political resources and the formation of a new local development crisis.The political impact on various interest groups caused by the waste of political resources forms political costs of environmental issues,and the excessive consumption of political costs will endanger the legitimacy of the government and political security and stability.General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that ecological environment is a major political issue related to the mission and purpose of the Party.However,at present,domestic academic research on environmental governance costs is mainly focused on economy costs,and research on political costs is few.Therefore,how to control political cost consumption scientifically in the environmental governance in the new era is an important issue that the government must face seriously and solve properly,it is also necessary to systematically study this issue in theory and practice.This dissertation takes the political cost of environmental issues as the research object.Based on the discussion of its connotation,importance and causes,this dissertation investigates the evolutionary mechanism of the political cost of environmental issues and constructs a political cost indicator system for environmental issues by establishing a holistic theoretical model.After using this indicator system to measure the political cost of environmental issues,the control process and regulation strategy are proposed.This is of great theoretical significance and practical value for broadening the research perspective of environmental issues,improving the efficiency of government environmental governance,realizing the coordinated development of social economy and ecological environment,solving local crises and maintaining the country's political security and stability.The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1)The theoretical decision-making framework of the environmental issues' political cost is constructed.Through literature research and deductive induction,the concept,characteristics and importance of the political cost of environmental issues are defined,and the causes of the political cost of environmental issues are explained by combining domestic environmental cases.Then by combining with governance theory,complex system theory,cost-utility theory,public choice theory and risk society theory and starting from the perspective of public crisis,environmental politics,government economics,social risk and other disciplines,the phenomenon of political cost consumption with situational characteristics is mapped to the specific field of “structure-behavior” of each governing main body,the holistic decision analysis framework of “structure-situation-behavior” is innovatively constructed.(2)The evolution and propagation mechanism of the environmental issues' political cost is discussed.Under the framework of decision analysis,the political cost of environmental issues is embedded in the environmental governance system,by using the evolutionary game model,the strategic behavior choice among the central government and local governments,enterprises,social organizations(media),the public and other governance subjects is explored,and the equilibrium strategies of governance entities in different stages are analyzed.Then,under the pattern of anti-jamming,the small-signal model is innovatively applied to simulate and analyze the evolution and propagation of the political cost of environmental issues and its main influencing factors under different equilibrium strategies at different stages.The results show that local government's behavioral strategies and emerging characteristics have the most obvious impact on the political cost evolution system;Under the negative effect,the increase of the government's political resource consumption is not conducive to the control of political cost and will make the governance system more unstable;The governance bodies involved in each stage can achieve “win-win” only by cooperating with each other and so on.(3)The indicator system of the environmental issues' political cost is established and quantitatively measured.According to the decision analysis framework,by taking the “protest event of power generation project of R steel plant in T city” as the research background,through field investigation,in-depth interview and grounded theory analysis,the generation process and evolution propagation of the political cost of environmental issues in the actual situation are investigated,and the index system is preliminarily obtained;On this basis,by using the literature method and case method,the initial index system of the political cost of environmental issues is improved,and the indicators are screened by the expert survey method,finally the scientific construction of the political cost index system of environmental issues are completed;After using the super-efficiency SBM model to evaluate the environmental efficiency of T city,based on G1 method/entropy method combined with weighting and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,the political cost of the protest events of R iron and steel plant in T city in each stage is innovatively measured.The results show that some lagging ideas and behaviors of local governments lead to the continuous expansion of the political cost of environmental issues in various stages.Meanwhile,the behavioral political cost of the masses which contains the five four-level indicators account for the largest proportion of all indicators and so on.(4)The control process of the environmental issues' political cost is designed and the regulatory recommendations are put forward.The political cost of environmental issues is put in the situation stage of the protest event of T city's R steel power projects,combined with the evolutionary game model and the model of small-signal anti-jamming,through parameter input and computational programming,the evolutionary situation is monitored and debugged,and the decision-making process of political cost control of environmental issues is innovatively designed.The research finds that the measurement results obtained through this operational process are highly consistent with the actual event evolution results.Government departments can use the political cost of environmental issues as an observational variable,effectively perceive and warn the political cost consumption in current environmental issues according to the index system and operation process,so as to timely introduce and adopt governance policies and control the consumption of political cost.At the same time,based on the previous analysis,six regulative measures are put forward to control the political cost of environmental issues,such as adopting adjustment of environmental issues governance decision system and cost concept,optimizing and innovating the institutional mechanism of government environmental governance,improving the governance ability and environmental literacy of public officials,strengthening the government's awareness of social risks and its ability to respond to public opinion,focusing on benign interaction and cooperation with NGOs,actively building a mutual trust mechanism and a democratic mechanism for consultation between officers and ordinary people,so as to provide long-term,reasonable and effective strategies and programs for the government to scientifically,comprehensively and systematically control the political costs of environmental issues. |
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