Research On The Theory And Practice Of The Restoration And Utilization Model For The Mine Environment

Mineral resource is an important material foundation for social and economic development,and its development has promoted social and economic progress.At the same time,mining have strongly influenced the environment and brought about many mine environment problems.These problems have had both positive and negative effects on the environment.The positive and negative effects are called positive environmental effects and negative environmental effects,respectively.In order to systematically restore the negative effects and utilize the positive effects of the mine environment,this paper has proposed the restoration and utilization models for the negative and positive effects of the mine environment by applying the theories such as hydrogeology,engineering geology,and environmental geology from the perspective of systematic science.The models provide theoretical support for the realization of the win-win goal of mine environment restoration and utilization in China.First,the concepts closely related to the research were clarified,such as mine environment,mine environment problems,and mine environmental effects.Then,the classification of mine environment problems based on mining disturbances with different environmental consequences was proposed.According to the geographical and geomorphological characteristics,the distribution and the main characteristics of mine environment problems were analyzed.The definitions of positive and negative effects of the mine environment were proposed.The positive effects of the mine environment were divided into spatial effects,energy effects and comprehensive effects of mine;The negative effects of the mine environment were divided into negative effects of the rock and soil environment,negative effects of the water environment,negative effects of the atmospheric environment,and negative effects of the ecological environment.In order to analyze the impact of mine environment problems on the environment,this paper adopted the fine evaluation method for single mine environment problems and the comprehensive evaluation method for multiple problems.The fine evaluation for single problem aimed to analyze the current status and predict future status of the mine environment,and to provide a theoretical basis for the restoration and management of the mine environment.As to the comprehensive evaluation index model for multiple problems,the mutual information entropy and information time-domain segmentation methods were used to reasonably determine the index scores and weights in the index model,separately.Then the Sidaoliu Coal Mine was taken as an example,two aspects that were most typical of the environmental impact on the mine area are analyzed comprehensively.For the sake of restoring and controlling the negative effects of the mine environment,the theoretical system of restoration model for the negative effects of mine environment was put forward,which supplemented and improved the basic theories in the field and would guided the practice effectively.Different from previous researches on mine environment restoration,the mine environment restoration model in this paper was based on systematic research on its restoration objects,and aimed at relieving disaster,using land,and restoring ecological environment in mining areas by applying the engineering disaster relief technology,engineering restoration technology,ecological and bioremediation technologies.It has broken through the traditional method of using a single technology to guide the environmental restoration of the mine,and formed a reasonable,structured,and systematic and comprehensive technical method system for the environmental restoration of the mine.Through object analysis,target control,and determination techniques,the combination of mining mine environmental restoration technology methods were optimized,and restoration models suitable for mining subsidence problems,solid waste problems,and open pit slope stability problems were constructed separately.Among them,ten models for mining subsidence problems,fourteen models for solid waste problems,and eight models for open-pit mining slope stability problems were built.In the practice research of the restoration models,the application scope and technical composition of the model were expounded systematically.Then,the engineering background of the model application engineering example,the negative effect of mine environment,the engineering restoration measures were analyzed,and the practical effect of the model was discussed.Four cases of mining subsidence restoration projects were presented,such as Xingdong Coal Mine,Dayan No.2 Mine,Fengshui Gou Coal Mine,et al..Four cases of the dump sites restoration projects are analyzed,such as Yuanbaoshan Open-pit Mine,Zhungeer Open-pit Mine,et al..And three cases of slope stability restoration models are planned in south and north side of Fushun West open-pit Mine.Through the practice of various mine environment restoration models,the applicability and practicability of the models are analyzed and verified,and the complex and systematic mine environment problems are effectively been solved.Concerning the positive effects of mine environment problem,the utilization models were put forward and then were put into practice.By clarifying the object,target,technology and method of constructing model in the research of utilization model theory,the development and utilization of energy,space(underground),underground scientific research sites,popular science of mine culture and tourism were listed as the target of the models.Eight cases of the technical methods were figured out to realize the targets of energy development and utilization.Based on the systematic method of object analysis,objective control and technology determination,a complete set of technical method optimization and combination system with reasonable structure,clear hierarchy,clear goal and complete system was constructed.Taking open-pit mine positive effect development as an example,this paper put forward the comprehensive utilization of "photovoltaic power station & pumped storage power station",shallow low temperature geothermal energy mining,multi-type storage space,deep pit hotel and underground commercial center,popular science education ground,mine geological museum and mining site,fitness and leisure base and so on.Finally,in view of the adverse effects of mine complex geological and hydrogeological conditions on the utilization of shallow low temperature geothermal in mine,two technologies have been developed: the in-situ test technology for the thermal properties of the shallow rock and soil and the identification technology for the aquifer drainage area.And the validity of technical method was tested.