Research On The Techniques Of FPGA For Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance

Spin magnetic resonance technology can quickly,accurately,and non-destructively obtain information on the composition and structure of a substance.So it is one of the most important material exploration techniques in contemporary science.Magnetic resonance technology includes nuclear magnetic resonance and electron paramagnetic resonance.After decades of development,a mature system has been formed.In recent years,a new room temperature optical detected magnetic resonance technology based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy color centers has been rapidly developed.The nitrogen-vacancy color center is a point defect in diamond.This defect can realize the optical polarization and optical readout of the spin state at room temperature,and is an excellent carrier for room temperature quantum computation and quantum sensing.The current development of magnetic resonance research based on nitrogen-vacancy color centers can only be achieved by building a homemade experimental plat-form.The electronics system in experimental platform is the communication bridge be-tween the experimental device and the host computer.It is responsible for signal gener-ation,timing control,experimental results readout,and real-time data processing.The early electronic systems were mainly built on discrete commercial equipment,there-fore,it is imperative to independently develop a multi-functional and high-performance electronic system.Due to the complexity and variability of experimental requirements,self-developed electronics systems require not only high-performance indicators,but also rich and flexible digital logic functions,as well as low-cost and efficient devel-opment&optimization capabilities.The electronic system with these capabilities can cope with the continuous improvement and demand update of the experimental systemField-Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)is a high-density programmable logic de-vice developed in 1980s.There are abundant digital logic resources in FPGA,and the FPGA has repetitive programming ability.So it is an excellent digital function design and research platform.The electronic system designed with FPGA can realize flexible experimental electronic system design with high-performance peripheral circuits under the premise of realizing multi-function,and greatly save design and development costs.This thesis mainly introduces the FPGA design method of the electronics module in the optical detected magnetic resonance experimental system.It mainly includes the principle and FPGA logic design method of arbitrary waveform generator,arbitrary sequence generator,time-to-digital converter,data acquisition card and counter.Then combined with the specific experimental system,the FPGA-based integrated electronics design scheme was introduced,and the application in the experiment was demonstrated.The main content of this article is divided into five parts:1.In the first chapter,we introduced the basic knowledge of NV color center、optical detection magnetic resonance and FPGA,and explained the significance of us-ing FPGA to carry out the electronic technology research of optical detection magnetic resonance experimental platform..2.In the second chapter,we introduce the optical detected magnetic resonance experimental device based on NV color center and its electronic requirements.3.In the third chapter,we research the FPGA digital logic design methods of elec-tronic control systems:Arbitrary waveform generator and arbitrary sequence generator,and realize the complete FPGA function design based on the homemade hardware board,and then apply it to the experimental system.We innovatively completed the design of a sequence generator with a shortest pulse width of 350 ps and a resolution of 12 ps.4.In the fourth chapter,we research the FPGA digital logic design methods of elec-tronics readout systems:data acquisition card,time-to-digital converter and counter,and realize the complete FPGA function design based on the homemade hardware board,and then apply it to the experimental system.We achieve a 1.15 ps bin size and 3.5 ps single shot precision time-to-digital-converter with on board offset correction.5.In the fifth chapter,we introduce the FPGA digital logic design method of integrated electronics and applied it in the experimental system.