Taxonomic And Revisied Study On Delphacini From China Based On Morphological Characters And Molecular Data

Delphacini(Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea),belonging to the subfamily Delphacinae of Delphacidae(Hemiptera: Auchenorryncha: Fulgoroidea),is the largest tribe of the family Delphacidae with approximately 1600 species in 320 genera in the world and number of species more than 70% of total.Many species of them are important pests in argriculture and forests.The present,the classification status of Delphacini is also disputed,including the relationship of genera and advanced classification system.Delphacini fauna is extremely abundant and is obvious short of survey.In this study,taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis are researched based on the morphological data and molecular data.The main results and conclusion as follows: 1.The new taxa of DelphaciniAll of these new genera,new species and new record species are listed as follws:New genera(9): Parasogata Zhou,Yang & Chen,2018(published),Longistylus gen.nov.,Duanchaus gen.nov.,Minutdelphax gen.nov.,Paranumata gen.nov.,Exsertus gen.nov.,Pygprocerus gen.nov.,Wanjingus gen.nov.,Qijingus gen.nov..New species(35): Parasogata binaria Zhou,Yang & Chen,2018(published),Parasogata furca Zhou,Yang & Chen,2018(published),Aoyuanus spathulus Zhou,Yang & Chen,2019(published),Aoyuanus varius Zhou,Yang & Chen,2019(published),Altekon spinula sp.nov.,Neunkanodes guangzhouensis sp.nov.,Wanjingus flatus sp.nov.,Duanchaus furcatus sp.nov.,Eshanus curvatus sp.nov.,Elachodelphax hainanensis sp.nov.,Exsertus fissus sp.nov.,Fangdelphax incisus sp.nov.,Guidelphax dentiens sp.nov.,Kartalia weiningensis sp.nov.,Luda tabulata sp.nov.,Luda bispinata sp.nov.,Longistylus singuliforficalus sp.nov.,Longistylus biforficalus sp.nov.,Minutdelphax biprocess sp.nov.,Qijingus forficalus sp.nov.,Neodicranotropis trinitatis sp.nov.,Opiconsiva angula sp.nov.,Sudelphax cheni sp.nov.,Prodelphax hamatus sp.nov.,Wuyia nonprocessa sp.nov.,Paratoya dentata sp.nov.,Perkinsiella gracilenta sp.nov.,Perkinsiella tortula sp.nov.,Paranumata furca sp.nov.,Pygprocerus longiprocessa sp.nov.,Sogatellana bifurcata sp.nov.,Sardia longistylis sp.nov.,Ribautodelphax strictus sp.nov.,Ribautodelphax pianmaensis sp.nov,Sardia dentatus sp.nov..New record(1): Numata mani(Asche,1988)?New combined(2): Parasogata spinaphallus(Guo & Liang,2005)comb.nov.(from Miranus),Consociata hainanica(Ding,2006)comb.nov.(from Xinchloriona).New synonyms(3): Ramidelphax= Lisogata Ding,2006,syn.nov,Ramidelphax albistriata Qin & Zhang,2006= Lisogata zhejiangensis Ding,2006,syn.nov,Consociata Qin & Zhang,2006= Xinchloriona Ding,2006,syn.nov..2.The phylogeny analysis of Delphacini based on morphological characters and gene data,In this study,the morphological phylogeny of Delphacini including 71 species representing 71 genera was analyzed based on the morphological characters using Paup software and the molecular phylogeny Delphacini including 67 species representing 67 genera was analyzed based on 28 S rDNA partial sequences using IQ-Tree and Mr Bayes softwares.One species of Tropidocephalini and one species of Saccharosydnini were selected as outgroup.The results are as follows:(1)Delphacini can be divided into three clades: 1)(26 genera): Cemus,Paraconon,Garaga,Paranumata gen.nov.,Palego,Shudelphax,Nycheuma,Exsertus gen.nov.,Ecdelphax,Longistylus gen.nov.,Platypareia,Perkinsiella,Neodicranotropis,Numata,Sinolacme,Luda,Hagamiodes,Euidellana,Kartalia,Aoyuanus,Eoeurysa,Peregrinus,Cemopsis,Monospinodelphax,Tarophagus;2)(18 genera): Laodelphax,Ribautodelphax,Megadelphax,Muirodelphax,Neunkanodes,Fangdelphax,Neoterthrona,Lisogata,Neuterthron,Miranus,Sogata,Parasogata,Neometopina,Changeondelphax,Chloriona,Paradelphacodes,Nilaparvata,Muellerianella;3)(21 genera): Himeunka,Sogatellana,Tagosodes,Matutinus,Sogatella,Latistria,Falcotoya,Horcoma,Elachodelphax,Onidodelphax,Syndelphax,Ishiharodelphax,Opiconsiva,Metadelphax,Prodelphax,Ulanar,Terthron,Alktekon,Orientoya,Toyoides.(2)Based on morphology characters and gene data,this paper suggest Delphacini divided into three subtribes: Numataina,Sogataina,Delphaxina.3.Based on DNA barcode,the genus and species are determinedBased on partial COI gene to phylogenetic analysis for some closed genera and speices of Delphacini.The result as follows:(1)The monophyly of Sogata,Miranus and Parasogata are supported,and the results of phylogenetic analysis of based on gene data as same as based on morphology characters.(2)The monophyly of Himeunka and Sogatellana are not supported,and the results of phylogenetic analysis of based on gene data as same as based on morphology characters.(3)The monophyly of Opiconsiva and Harmalia are not supported,and the results of phylogenetic analysis of based on gene data as same as based on morphology characters.Harmalia is a synonym of Opiconsiva and all species of Harmalia move to Opiconsiva.The type specimens and material examined are deposited in the Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guiyang,China(GUGC).