| In this study, practical methods for second-order inelastic analysis of steel structures in the pre- and post-collapse ranges are developed. A new finite element formulation is presented for an elastic-plastic beam column that allows the plastic hinge to form anywhere along the member length without the need to divide the transversely loaded members into several elements. An error estimate and step size control technique is also proposed to improve the current nonlinear solution algorithms.; Two models are introduced for the nonlinear behavior of bracing members. The first applies only for compact members with no local or torsional buckling. The second model though needs parametric study for calibration, can be applied for all kinds of truss members. The post-failure analysis of steel trusses and braced frames is studied allowing for the post-buckling strength to be taken into consideration. |
