Colloid-enhanced ultrafiltration and complexes of beta-cyclodextrin

ltrafiltration and equilibrium dialysis methods, using the polyelectrolyte poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS), have been used to investigate the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous streams. Retention ratios (i. e., ratios of the total concentration of copper in the retentate to that in the permeate) as large as 10;Ion expulsion ultrafiltration (IEUF) is proposed as a new membrane separation method for removing ions from aqueous streams; ordinary ultrafiltration membranes, which block the passage of charged colloidal species on the basis of size exclusion alone are used in the process. IEUF exploits the fact that the ion product of the counterion of a colloidal polyion and a coion, present at much lower concentration, will under favorable conditions be nearly the same in the retentate solution as in the permeate solution in ultrafiltration. This effect leads to a considerable enhancement in concentration of the coion in the permeate solution.;A substitution method, in which the 1:1 complex between...