| Isolation of nuclear and hazardous waste from the environment for periods of hundreds or thousands of years requires careful consideration of fluid flow, mass transport, and degradation processes which can lead to contaminant release and transport from the disposal site. This work presents mathematical models for a variety of processes important to waste isolation. Release and migration of chlorinated solvents from an existing disposal facility is examined with emphasis on controlling factors. A mechanistic model for localized metallic corrosion is presented. Corrosion is important for degradation of waste containers. Fluid flow rates through below ground concrete vaults in the saturated and unsaturated zone are examined. The calculations suggest that saturated zone locations are a viable option for waste disposal. Fluid flow rates through flaws in geomembrane liners and cracks in concrete are examined with numerical simulations and analytical solutions. The work suggests that low permeability porous materials (e.g., clay) should be placed next to concrete slabs and geomembranes to retard flow through flaws. |
