Risk and protective factors influencing children at risk for overweight and obesity in low-income, single female, primary caregiver households: An exploratory qualitative study

Obesity has risen to epidemic levels in the United States (US) and affects individuals from all socioeconomic levels and ethnicities. Children of low-income, single female, primary caregiver households are at higher risk for being overweight and obese, particularly if they are members of ethnic minority populations exposed to permanent contextual adversity. Therefore, the most deleterious impacts of the epidemic are experienced by low-income and under-served ethnic minority populations. Both adult and childhood overweight/obesity are associated with devastating and costly health problems, reduced life expectancy, stigma, and discrimination. Although efficacious obesity intervention programs exist, their impact continues to be limited among underserved populations. Couple and family therapists can offer a relevant contribution to alleviate this health problem due to the profession's systemic training and strengths-based orientation. This study consisted of an exploratory qualitative design with a thematic analysis approach. Data were gathered from 16 low-income, single, female, primary caregivers who were predominantly Black/African American (56.25%) of children between 3 and 8 years of age. In-depth interviews focused on exploring risk and protective factors associated with healthy eating and regular physical activity, two critical components for addressing the disease. Additional findings will facilitate obesity-focused interventions, and better inform practice and research.