| The following document presents the design, modeling, and optimization of compact antennas architectures for wireless communications, wireless local area networks (WLAN), automotive radar, remote sensing and millimeter-wave applications. In recent years, the miniaturization of cell phones and computers has led to a requirement for antennas to be small and lightweight. Antennas, desired to operate in the WLAN or millimeter-wave frequency ranges, often possess physical sizes that are too large for integration with radio frequency (RF) devices. When integrating them into three-dimensional (3D) transceivers, the maintenance of a compact size provides isolation from other devices; hence, surface wave propagation does not affect nearby components of the transceiver such as filters, baluns, and other embedded passives. Therefore, the development of a rigorous design method is necessary for realizing compact and efficient antennas in the wireless community. Furthermore, it is essential that these antennas maintain acceptable performance characteristics, such as impedance bandwidth, low cross-polarization, and high efficiency throughout single or multiple frequency bands and standards.; In this work, various compact and packaging-adaptive antennas have been designed for practical wireless communications systems. In addition, research is presented on showing how compact antennas can be applied to other important applications, such as consumer and security applications. A technique to model antennas with equivalent circuits is addressed, while extending the research of compact antennas to produce antenna arrays is also presented. Upon completion of this work, a designer should come away with some novel ideas that can be implemented to design state-of-the-art compact antennas. |
