Research On The Robustness Of Dual-channel Supply Chain Under The Disruption Of Demand And Cost

In view of the gradual globalization of the current world economic development trend,informatization and diversification.The development of the supply chain is also becoming more and more complicated,from single channel to dual channel,and even multi-level dual channel.Therefore,the research on the supply chain has become more in-depth,and the classification has gradually become more detailed.However,under the free economy,the market is changing rapidly,and new supply chain structures are emerging.This paper focus research on two emerging dual-channel supply chain structures with different strategic alliances in the current market to fill in the research gaps of the optimal ordering and pricing decision changes among three different dual-channel supply chain structures under the demand disturbances,production cost disturbances,and two factors disturbance,and then based on the retailer-led Steinberg game and the introduction of a price discount agreement(PDS)mechanism,we can get three types of dual-channel supply chains’optimal ordering and pricing decisions in the two stages before and after the disturbance of demand,production cost,and both of two factors.By comparing the changes in the optimal ordering and pricing decisions of the three supply chain structures under the crisis,their robust ranking in the event of a crisis is given.First,research and propose two new two-channel supply chain models with different strategic alliances.Construct a Steinberg model to set retail prices and order quantities for retailers,and act as a leader in the Steinberg game,with producers as followers.The benchmark dual-channel model establishes a strategic alliance for two retailers and manufacturers to make joint decisions.The first new dual-channel structure is a strategic alliance between two retailers,setting retail prices and order quantities,with manufacturers as followers.The second new dual-channel structure is that the manufacturer and one of the retailers form a strategic alliance to jointly set retail prices and order quantities,and are the leaders.Secondly,suppose that there are three different kinds of disturbances in the market environment:demand disturbances,production cost disturbances,and demand and production cost disturbances occur simultaneously.According to different disturbance situations,a two-stage research method is used to list the profit formula before and after the disturbance.It can be seen that the profit is a concave function of the two retail prices.Then,when the value of the entire supply chain is maximized,KKT is used.The condition takes the maximum value of profit,calculates the optimal pricing before and after the disturbance,and then determines the order quantity.Thirdly,using the optimal product price and order quantity before and after the disturbance,calculate and compare the profit value of whether or not to make decision adjustments before and after the disturbance.Combine multiple independent variables to analyze the robustness of the three supply chain structures,and according to different variables The robust intervals of three supply chain structures are obtained,and the robust intervals of three dual-channel supply chain structures are compared and sorted.The example shows that when the adjusted optimal ordering and pricing strategy is adopted,the profits of the three supply chains under different disturbances always increase.Finally,two different indicators,"the optimal decision remains unchanged" and "sensitivity to production cost disturbances" are used to analyze the robustness of the three supply chain structures under different disturbance situations,and the comparison and ranking are performed in more detail.the result shows:A centralized decision-making supply chain structure that is considered to have the strongest supply chain profitability under demand perturbations has the worst robustness,while retailer collusion and partially vertically integrated supply chain structures can achieve the most good robustness performance under different conditions.Under the perturbation of production costs,the monopoly characteristics of the supply chain or part of the supply chain have led to the vulnerability of the original planned optimal order pricing decision under the production crisis.The centralized decision-making supply chain structure has the worst robustness,while retailer collusion and partially vertically integrated supply chain structures can achieve the most good robustness performance under different conditions.When both demand and production cost disturbances occur at the same time,no one supply chain structure can always achieve the best robust performance.By dividing the interval,this paper gives the robustness ranking of the participants in several different possible areas on the "demand fluctuation-production cost fluctuation" plane.The main contributions of this article are threefold:(1)Propose two new supply chain structures with alliances between various entities;(2)Solve the optimal pricing and ordering of the three dual-channel supply chains under the disturbance of different factors Decision problems;(3)Comparing the robustness of three dual-channel supply chain structures under different factors.