Research On The Effect Of Innovation Elements Aggregation To Structural Optimization Of Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the basic industry for the development of national economy,highly developed manufacturing and advanced manufacturing technology are an important symbol of a country’s scientific and technological development level and comprehensive competitiveness.But for a long time,China’s manufacturing has been characterized by extensive growth,weak driving force and unreasonable structure.In the context of the profound adjustment for the division of the global manufacturing,it has become an inevitable requirement for China’s high-quality economic development to implement the strategy of innovation drive,promote the manufacturing structure optimization through innovation,and enhance the international competitiveness of the manufacturing.As the foundation of innovation,the spatial agglomeration of innovation elements has had an important impact on regional economic development and industrial structure.Under the background of stimulating innovation vitality deeply,the research on the relationship between the spatial agglomeration of innovation elements and industrial structure is a new topic for comprehensively considering how to realize the recombination of production elements through the spatial distribution of innovation elements,and optimize the manufacturing structure.Besides,it is the key to accelerate the construction of innovation system and realize innovation-driven development.This paper takes the innovation elements as the pointcut under the spatial distribution of innovation elements unbalanced reality background.Based on the perspective of geographical spatial agglomeration,it researches deeply and systematically on the mechanism and transmission path of innovation elements agglomeration affecting the manufacturing structure optimization from the angle of theory.Moreover,it conducts empirical test from the national and regional levels on the panel data.The study has important theoretical and practical significance for China to plan the spatial distribution of innovation elements,optimize the allocation of innovation resources,accelerate the manufacturing structure optimization,and realize the climbing of the global value chai to the middle and high end and move towards the manufacturing powerhouse.The main contents of the research include:(1)From the perspective of high-quality economic development and ecological civilization construction,this paper extends the connotation of manufacturing structure optimization to the change of development mode,the save of resources,the improvement of industrial quality and efficiency.It highlights the characteristics of the high-end development of the manufacturing.Considering that the development of high-tech industry is the direct reflection of regional competitiveness,and the high-tech industry has the characteristics of high added value,high technology content and low energy consumption,the development of high-tech industry is used to reflect the improvement of the quality and efficiency of manufacturing and the connotation of high-quality development of manufacturing.(2)The relevant theories are sorted out systematically.The theoretical origins of innovation,industrial agglomeration and the evolution of industrial structure theory are explored.Then the main research directions and progress of innovation elements agglomeration,structural optimization of manufacturing are reviewed.Based on the foregoing,the corresponding theoretical is sought and the study on the internal mechanism and path of innovation elements aggregation influencing the structure optimization of manufacturing from the theoretical level are conducted in detail.(3)Based on the availability of data,the current situation of innovation elements aggregation is measured from capital and manpower,the characteristic facts of innovation elements aggregation are analyzed from regional perspective and industry perspective.Besides,the Theil coefficients are used as the proxy variables for the rationalization of manufacturing structure,the proportion of the output value of high-tech industry in the total output value of manufacturing is used as the proxy variable for the supererogation of manufacturing structure.The characteristic facts of China’s manufacturing structure optimization are analyzed from the two aspects of industrial structure rationalization and supererogation,the foundation for the follow-up empirical research also was laid.(4)The dynamic panel model,spatial measurement model and mediating effect model are used to empirically test the dynamic effect,spatial spillover effect and the path of innovation elements aggregation to the rationalization and supererogation of the manufacturing structure.(5)Combined with the research conclusion of this paper,some policy suggestions are put forward to promote the structural optimization of manufacturing with the rational aggregation of innovation elements.The possible perspectives of the future research also are expanded.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The agglomeration of innovation elements can optimize the spatial allocation of elements through spillovers and synergies,accelerate the diffusion of innovation knowledge and innovation skills,improve innovation performance,promote the change of production organization structure,change the industrial life cycle and industrial ecosystem,and directly affect the industrial structure.Moreover,it can affect the technical connection between production departments through the sharing of agglomeration,improve the degree of industrial connection,and promote the optimization of industrial structure.(2)The innovation elements agglomeration index has a significant regional difference.The distribution characteristics of the capital innovation elements and human innovation elements in the regions are higher in the eastern part and lower in the western part.From the perspective of the spatial pattern of innovation elements agglomeration,the spatial agglomeration trend of capital innovation elements is more obvious,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the Yangtze River delta region and the Pearl River Delta region are the agglomeration centers.The distribution of human innovation elements is relatively dispersed.After 2011,the agglomeration center began to shift to the Yangtze River delta region and the Pearl River Delta region.From the perspective of regional distribution,the innovation elements agglomeration index in different regions is quite different,and the phenomenon of two-level differentiation is obvious.The capital innovation elements agglomeration index and human innovation elements agglomeration index of Beijing,Shanghai and tianjin are the top three in China.The capital innovation elements agglomeration index of Inner Mongolia,xinjiang and hainan ranks in the bottom three of the country,while the human innovation elements agglomeration index of guizhou,xinjiang and hainan ranks in the bottom three of the country.From the perspective of industry distribution,innovation elements are mainly concentrated in four major industries of computer,communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing,transportation equipment manufacturing,electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing,general equipment manufacturing.(3)The structural optimization of China’s manufacturing is on the rise,and the optimization effect of industrial structure is obvious.From the perspective of the change trend of manufacturing structure optimization,the rationalization of manufacturing structure has an upward trend,while the supererogation of manufacturing structure has a "u-shaped" trend.Among them,the period from 2005 to 2011 is the stage of decline and it starts rising in 2012.There is a significant difference in the level of manufacturing structure optimization among regions,the rationalization level and the supererogation level of the industrial structure are decreased from the east to the middle and then to the west.From the perspective of spatial pattern,the manufacturing structure optimization level in different regions has a significant positive spatial correlation,which reflects the spatial dependence of high-value agglomeration and low-value agglomeration.(4)The dynamic panel model shows that the innovation elements agglomeration plays a significant role in promoting the rationalization and supererogation of the manufacturing structure.The innovation elements agglomeration of enterprises,research institutions and universities make strongly positive effect on the optimization of manufacturing structure.In contrast,the innovation elements agglomeration of universities has a bigger effect on promoting the optimization of manufacturing structure.There are significant regional differences on the effect of innovation elements agglomeration in the eastern,central and western regions.The innovation elements agglomeration in the eastern region is conducive to improve the rationalization of manufacturing structure,and has a negative restraining effect on the supererogation of manufacturing structure.The excessive agglomeration of innovation elements in the central region has a negative external impact on the optimization of manufacturing structure.The innovation elements agglomeration in the western region is adverse to the improvement of the rationalization of manufacturing structure,and has a significant role in promoting the supererogation of manufacturing structure.(5)The spatial spillover effect of innovation elements agglomeration on the optimization of manufacturing structure is obvious.Under the direct effect and indirect effect,the innovation elements agglomeration has a positive promoting effect on the optimization of manufacturing structure as a whole.The innovation elements agglomeration of adjacent regions also produces a positive spatial externality effect,which is conducive to the improvement of the optimization of the manufacturing structure in this region.The innovation elements agglomeration of enterprises,research institutions and universities has significant spatial spillover effect.After 2013,the spatial spillover effect of innovation elements aggregation on the supererogation of the manufacturing structure is distinct,while the spatial spillover effect on the rationalization of the structure is not obvious.(6)The technological progress effect,social demand effect and employment effect produced by the innovation elements agglomeration are the important mechanism for the positive influence to play.The innovation elements agglomeration promotes technological progress by influencing the spillover of knowledge space,improves the technological form efficiency of production process,breaks through the original production technology boundary of the industry,accelerates the dynamic change of the manufacturing under the extrusion effect,and promotes the self-perfection of the industrial chain.It also leads to change in social demand and promotes the upgrading of consumer demand,changes the structure and pattern of consumer demand from both the demand side and the supply side,and directly affects the structural optimization of the manufacturing under the effect of the elasticity of demand income.In addition,it promotes the transfer and flow of labors among industries by improving industrial labor efficiency,improves the allocation of labor resources and employment matching degree.Through the effect of human capital accumulation and labor structure adjustment,it can promote the continuous optimization of the structure of manufacturing.