Impact Of Embedded Global Value Chain On China’s Green Development

With the continuous development of economic globalization and the fragmentation of international production division,it has gone through the deepening process from inter industry division to intra industry and intra product division,which will cause the reconstruction of global industrial system and the optimal allocation of resources in the global scope.However,with the deepening of global value chain embeddedness and the rapid development of China’s economy,China’s development mode,development path and other issues continue to highlight,the growth of export trade and investment has slowed down significantly,the "demographic dividend" gradually disappeared and environmental pollution continue to approach the environmental bearing limit.Therefore,under the background that the international community is paying more and more attention to the ecological environment and China’s deepening embeddedness in global value chains,how to improve China’s green total factor productivity and achieve green and high-quality development is the key to change the growth mode.The core issue of this paper is: how does global value chain embedding affect China’s green development? Around this issue,this paper first analyzes the coordination relationship between global value chain embedding and green development;then,based on the multi regional input-output model and empirical method,it studies the impact of global value chain embedding on China’s green development from three levels: region,industry and enterprise;finally,in order to achieve the "win-win" of global value chain climbing and green development,it discusses the construction two-stage of green innovation value chain.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)From the perspective of the coupling and coordination between global value chain embedding and green development,most of the industrial industries are in the primary and medium coordination stage,among which the coordination degree of "electronic communication equipment manufacturing industry" is the highest;the coordination degree of a few industries is relatively low,among which "pharmaceutical manufacturing industry" is in the medium imbalance stage,and "printing industry" and "non-metallic mineral products industry" are in the light imbalance stage.From the perspective of different types of value chain driving,the coordination degree of buyer driven industry is relatively centralized,mainly in the primary and medium coordination stage,while the coordination degree of producer driven industry is relatively scattered.(2)From the perspective of the impact of global value chain embeddedness on the green development of China’s provincial-level areas,the participation of global value chain in different regions is quite different.The participation of global value chain in the eastern coastal areas is higher than that in the central and western areas.The empirical results show that,on the whole,global value chain participation can promote the improvement of green TFP in the region,that is,there is a significant regional spillover effect,and the increase of global value chain participation will also have a positive impact on green TFP in other regions,that is,there is a significant interregional spillover effect.Furthermore,from the perspective of different regions,the participation of global value chain in the eastern region has significant positive intraregional spillover effect and interregional spillover effect on green TFP.However,the global value chain participation in the central and western regions only significantly promoted the green total factor productivity of their own regions,and did not have a significant positive effect on other regions.(3)From the perspective of the impact of global value chain embedding on the green development of China’s industrial industry,the industrial industry as a whole shows a trade implied carbon deficit,that is,the implied carbon in export trade is greater than the implied carbon in import trade,but the decline of the implied carbon emissions per unit export is greater than the decline of the implied carbon in import trade,and the terms of pollution trade are gradually improving.The empirical regression results show that: the participation of global value chain based on forward correlation and the participation of global value chain based on backward correlation have positive effects on green total factor productivity of industrial industry,but the effect of global value chain participation on green total factor productivity of industrial industry is different under different levels of conversion variables.Furthermore,from the perspective of different levels of embeddedness,the shallow level of global value chain participation has no significant role in promoting the green total factor productivity of industrial industry,and the deep level of global value chain participation has a more significant role in promoting the green total factor productivity of industrial industry.(4)From the perspective of the impact of global value chain embedding on the green development of Chinese industrial enterprises,one of the main ways to embed global value chain is to undertake international industrial transfer.The empirical results show that,under the global value chain,foreign capital has a positive impact on the green total factor productivity of enterprises.Furthermore,the lag effect test found that the promotion effect of foreign capital on corporate green total factor productivity has a certain degree of continuity and lag,and it eventually showed a gradual decline.At the same time,there are regional heterogeneity and industry heterogeneity in the impact of foreign capital on corporate green TFP.From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,foreign investment mainly promoted the growth of green total factor productivity of enterprises in the eastern region,while foreign capital inflows in the central and western regions did not significantly promote the green total factor productivity of enterprises.From the perspective of industry heterogeneity,foreign investment in machinery manufacturing and textile industries has a more significant positive effect on corporate green TFP,while foreign investment in resource and energy-intensive industries has no obvious positive effect on corporate green TFP.The main innovations of this article are:(1)Based on the export value-added decomposition framework and spatial measurement method,the impact of global value chain embedding on regional green development is analyzed.This article extends the impact of global value chain embedding on China’s regional green development to the spatial dimension to avoid underestimating the true impact of global value chain embedding on regional green development;With the development of network technology and information,the limitation of spatial adjacency and geographical distance is gradually weakened,this paper considers the spatial spillover caused by the flow of capital and labor,and constructs the nested labor spatial adjacent weight matrix,capital spatial adjacent weight matrix,labor geographical distance spatial weight matrix and capital geographical distance spatial weight matrix,in order to make a comprehensive analysis.(2)The Global Multi-region input-output(GMRIO)model and panel smooth transition(PSTR)model were used to analyze the impact of global value chain embedding on the green development of the industry.Different from the single region(competitive and non-competitive)input-output model,this paper analyzes the current situation of trade environment(implicit carbon)of each industry based on the GMRIO model.In this paper,the heterogeneity of imported intermediate products and domestic intermediate products is fully considered in the calculation of export implied pollution emission,and the heterogeneity of intermediate input structure and pollution emission coefficient of imported products is fully considered in the calculation of import implied pollution emission,so as to make the calculation result more accurate.At the same time,according to the circulation times of intermediate products in various countries,the participation degree of global value chain is divided into simple production activities of global value chain at shallow level and complex production activities of global value chain at deep level,which more clearly reveals the non-linear relationship between embedded global value chain and green development of the industry.(3)This paper extends the impact of global value chain embedding on green development to the micro enterprise level.This paper considers unexpected output when measuring the total factor productivity of enterprises.The production frontier is divided based on the four-digit industry code as subdivided as possible,and the green total factor productivity of the company is calculated using the SBM model of undesired output and the Malmquist-Luenberger index.Secondly,this article takes the international industry transfer embedded in the global value chain as the entry point,uses the combination of propensity score matching method and difference-indifference method to test the homogeneity of the sample through "quasi-natural experiment",and finally effectively identifies foreign-invested enterprises.The net effect of the green total factor productivity impact,and a robust study conclusion was obtained through a placebo test.The research conclusion at the micro-enterprise level is an effective supplement to the previous regional and industry-level research,and has enriched the research on the impact of global value chain embedding on green development.