Research On Inventory And Pricing Decisions And Supply Chain Coordination Mechanism For Perishable Goods

Perishable products refer to a kind of products whose quality or quantity decays with the passage of time in the production and circulation process.Research on perishable goods supply chain management will help to reduce resource waste and environmental damage,reduce enterprise operating costs,and improve product circulation efficiency and enterprise income.At the same time,under the background of China's ‘agriculture,countryside and farmers' issues,research on inventory pricing and coordination of perishable goods supply chain can improve agricultural production efficiency,speed up the process of agricultural industrialization and provide support for agricultural supply-side reform.In the past 20 years,great progress has been made in the research of perishable goods inventory management and perishable goods pricing decisions.However,with the development of the times,the current theoretical results cannot completely solve the practical problems that constantly emerge in the production and sales of perishable goods.For this reason,this dissertation takes perishable products as the research object,aims at improving economic returns and reducing resource waste,and takes inventory management,pricing decision and supply chain coordination strategy as the breakthrough point,and studies several practical problems faced by the current perishable products supply chain management field by comprehensively applying storage theory,game theory,convex optimization,numerical analysis and other theories and methods.The specific research contents are as follows?First,considering the positive correlation between demand and the length of time allowed by enterprises to delay payment,the dissertation studies the inventory decision of retailers of non-instantaneous deteriorating products and the selection of the length of time to delay payment.Delayed payment is an important financial tool in today's commercial activities.Delayed payment among members of the supply chain can ease the pressure of capital flow of affiliated enterprises,stimulate demand,and improve the operational efficiency and economic profits of enterprises.This part introduces a new demand function based on the general deferred payment inventory model.Through the establishment and solution of the model,it draws a conclusion about the optimal inventory setting and the selection of the optimal deferred payment time.Through numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis,it further explores the nature of the model and finally draws relevant management enlightenment.Secondly,based on the ‘online+offline' sales model of fresh products,a two-channel inventory control and pricing game model considering product perishability is established.From the perspective of centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making,this dissertation studies the optimal control of two-level inventory and the optimal pricing decision of a supplier and a retailer.Through comparison,it is found that supply chain integration is not only beneficial to the improvement of profit of supply chain members,but also beneficial to the quantity loss of products in the circulation process.In order to coordinate this supply chain,this dissertation designs an income sharing and two pricing contracts.Through numerical analysis,it is found that suppliers and retailers are more willing to cooperate with each other when the deterioration rate of products increases.In the expansion of the model,the optimal design of online channel distribution time is considered.The results show that the corruption rate of products has a great influence on the delivery time decision,pricing and inventory decision of enterprises.Thirdly,considering the production uncertainty in the upper and lower reaches of the food supply chain and the investment in the conservation efforts of the lower and upper retailers,a three-level supply chain(including a retailer,a distributor,a supplier)inventory and pricing decision model is established to study the game and cooperation between the upper and lower reaches under this situation.On this basis,the dissertation studies the two supply chain cooperation strategies of ‘forward integration' and ‘backward integration' of distributors,and finds that the ‘backward integration' mode is more conducive to improving the overall profit of the supply chain by comparing the three situations.But ‘forward integration' is more helpful to reduce the impact of the whole system on the environment.Finally,in production practice,the production line may change randomly from ‘in-control' state to ‘out of control' state,resulting in a decline in product quality.In order to reduce the risk of ‘out of control' and guarantee the quality of products,in practice,suppliers can improve the reliability of production lines through investment.In this part,production reliability is internalized,and inventory decision and pricing game and reliability improvement investment decision of a two-level perishable product supply chain are studied.At the same time,a contract based on revenue sharing and reliability improvement cost sharing is proposed to coordinate the supply chain.The influence of key parameters(e.g.,product deterioration rate,productivity,production cost,etc.)on optimal inventory,pricing,reliability improvement investment and coordination efficiency is studied through numerical analysis.The research in this dissertation not only enriches the relevant basic theories in the field of perishable goods supply chain management,but also broadens its application scope and provides practical insights for managers in real business.