| Spatial information science and technology is one of the most rapidly developing areas of science and technology in modern times,which is widely applied in various kinds of aspects of society by employing essential spatio-temporal information.In recent years,with the strong impetus of demand,spatial information science and technology,especially geographic information system(GIS)technology,has developed greatly.It has become a trend to combine GIS technology with intelligent computing technology in various professional fields.Scientific and technological small–medium enterprises(STSMEs)are the basis of high-tech industries around the world,playing a leading role in the global economic and social development.Owing to kinds of developing difficulties,i.e.,high research and development investment,output uncertainties and high risks,the STSMEs are often hard to survive and develop.Evaluation and analysis on development environment of the STSMEs,finding their spatio-temporal laws as well as internal and external factors that affect their development,can help to solve the survival and development issues for these enterprises.By analyzing the research status and progress on geospatial data analysis and GIS,intelligent computation,developing environment of STSMEs,the main defects and difficulties of researchs,i.e.,lacks of advanced evaluation models and spatio-temporal analysis method,are summarized in this thesis.Considering the characteristics of three different evaluation issues,such as survival suitability,financing credit and entrepreneurial confidence of STSMEs,three new hybrid models for evaluating geospatial problems are proposed through combining various intelligent computing techniques.They are GWO-SVM evolutionary support vector machine model,AHP-FCE-CM cloud model improved multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model,and VMD-GWO-ELM three-stage evolutionary extreme learning machine model.The application experiments of these models are performed on evaluating the STSMEs' development environment.Combining the three hybrid models with GIS technology,the thematic spatial data are identified and analyzed,the thematic spatial data model and data structure are constructed,and the spatial-temporal analysis methods for the development environment of STSMEs based on GIS are put forward in the thesis,which are used for analyzing spatial distribution characteristics and time evolutional laws of STSMEs' development environment.The main contents of the thesis are listed as follows:1.The research on evaluation for survival suitability and its spatio-temporal laws of STSMEs based on GWO-SVM evolutionary support vector machine hybrid model and GIS: on the basis of the accurate definition description and evaluation problem characteristics of STSMEs' survival suitability,the thesis builds up the evaluation index systems from the four aspects which are economy,finance,scientific education and infrastructure.The thesis uses the grey wolf optimization algorithm to improve the parameter optimization mechanism of support vector machine,and constructs a GWO-SVM evolutionary support vector machine hybrid model based on small sample data sets,which is applied to evaluate survival suitability of STSMEs.By combining GWO-SVM model and GIS technology,with the identification of spatial data and the construction of spatial data model and structure,a spatial-temporal analysis method for the survival suitability of STSMEs is proposed,which is applied to spatial-temporally analyze survival suitability of STSMEs in 29 provinces of China in 2010-2015 years on four perspectives such as whole space-time environment,spatial distribution,time evolution and mechanism.The spatial distribution characteristics,time evolutional laws and mechanism of survival suitability of STSMEs in China are revealed.2.The research on financing credit evaluation and its spatial distribution laws of STSMEs based on AHP-FCE-CM cloud model improved multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation hybrid model and GIS: according to the basic implication and evaluation problem characteristics of STSMEs financing credit,the thesis constructs a financing credit evaluation index system for STSMEs based on macro and micro aspects.In order to solve the problems of randomness and fuzziness in the process of group decision making,the thesis improves the AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method by employing cloud model,and establishes an AHP-FCE-CM cloud model improved multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation hybrid model with higher robustness,which is applied to evaluate financing credit of STSMEs.Through incorporating AHP-FCE-CM model and GIS technology,a spatial-temporal analysis method for financing credit of STSMEs is proposed,which is applied to spatial-temporally analyze financing credit of STSMEs using the data of 29 STSMEs in new third board in China in 2014.The spatial distribution characteristics and laws,as well as their possible formation reasons of sample enterprises are discovered and discussed in the thesis.3.The research on entrepreneurship confidence and its spatio-temporal laws of STSMEs based on VMD-GWO-ELM three-stage evolutionary extreme learning machine hybrid model and GIS: on the basis of implication description and evaluation problem characteristics of STSMEs' entrepreneurial confidence,the thesis sets up the entrepreneurial confidence index system using Baidu search index.In order to mining and predict nonstationary time series,the variational mode decomposition is used to decompose the input variables of the extreme learning machine,and builds up a VMD-GWO-ELM three-stage evolutionary extreme learning machine hybrid model based on non-stationary time-series decomposition and data-driven,which is applied for evaluating entrepreneurial confidence of STSMEs.By combining VMD-GWO-ELM model and GIS technology,a spatial-temporal analysis method for entrepreneurship confidence of STSMEs is proposed,which is applied to spatial-temporally analyze entrepreneurship confidence of STSMEs by using the data of STSMEs in Hunan and Hubei provinces from 2010 to 2017.The time evolutional laws and basic patterns of entrepreneurial confidence of STSMEs in specific regions in China are revealed.In order to solve geospatial evaluation issues with different characteristics,the thesis establishes hybrid evaluation models based on a variety of intelligent computing methods,which can greatly improve the evaluation level of the development environment of STSMEs.The thesis proposes the spatio-temporal analysis methods for development environment of STSMEs based on GIS,mining and revealing the spatio-temporal laws and internal mechanism of development environment of STSMEs.The research findings have significant theoretical significance and practical value.It could provide technical support for decision-making by the government,investors or entrepreneurs. |
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