Research On Optimization Of Maize Production Cost In China

Under the “New Normal”,new changes have taken place in the supply and demand situation of the Chinese corn market,and there has been a period of oversupply of corn production.The corn industry has entered a critical period of adjustment of the supply and demand structure.However,due to the rapid increase in production costs,the income of grain farmers has continued to shrink,restricting the adjustment of corn production;at the same time,domestic and international prices have been inverted,directly affecting the international competitiveness of corn products,and the corn industry has seen “production volume,import volume,and inventory levels."Three volumes of unfavorable situation."Cost reduction" is one of the important tasks of the structural reform on the supply side of agriculture,and it is also an important step in protecting the income of farmers,optimizing the structure of the corn industry,and ensuring national food security.The research on cost optimization has important practical significance.In this paper,based on the in-depth description of the evolution process and changes of China’s corn production cost and its constituent elements,the differences in production costs in different regions are summarized,the main factors affecting the changes in production costs and their contribution rates are analyzed,and the cost efficiency of the main maize production provinces is estimated.Based on the revelation of the difference between Chinese and American corn costs,this paper explores and puts forward an alternative route for optimizing corn production costs in different regions,and puts forward relevant policy recommendations for optimizing maize production costs in China.The main findings include:1.Based on factor classification and weight analysis methods,the average production costs of five corn production regions in China are calculated.The calculation results show that the cost of corn production in different regions of China shows that the eastern region is lower than the western region,and the north is lower than the south.The characteristics of cost changes in different regions are similar to the national average.The average annual growth rates are Southwest> Southeast> Northwest> National Average> Huanghuaihai> North.2.Based on the regression analysis method,a double logarithmic linear regression analysis model was constructed.Using ADF unit root test,E-G two-step cointegration test,contribution rate analysis and other methods,the main influencing factors of regional corn production costs were analyzed.The results show that: labor input has the greatest impact on production costs;material input has a higher impact on the eastern region than on the western region;leasing operations have a significant impact on the northern region,the Huang-Huai-Hai region and the north-western region;and production scale on the northern region.Significant influence is not significant for the southern region.The contribution rates of factors affecting the cost of corn production in different regions vary,and they show different patterns of change in different periods.3.Based on the parameter estimation method,the stochastic frontier analysis(SFA)theory was used to construct a logarithmically stochastic frontier cost function(TCF)model,and a maximum likelihood estimation method(MLE)was used to estimate the cost efficiency of maize in 20 major producing provinces.value.The results show that the cost efficiency of China’s corn production is still at a medium level compared with the potential optimal cost,and the average value of cost efficiency shows a slight downward trend;the extreme value gap of cost efficiency among different sample provinces is larger,and the average value gap is “two big.The middle is small." Different areas,planting areas,and pests and diseases have a significant impact on the cost inefficiency items.Among them,different regions have different levels of inefficiency in the cost of corn;the increase in planting area and crop pests and diseases will increase costs inefficiently.Caused a drop in cost efficiency.4.Based on the empirical analysis conclusions,explore and put forward an optional path for the optimization of corn production costs in different regions of China.The northern region can choose intensive production and management,popularize varieties and techniques suitable for mechanized production,and strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland and supporting facilities;Huanghuaihai can choose moderate scale operations,vigorously develop mechanized production,and reduce the application of seeds and fertilizers.In other ways,the northwest region can choose modest scale operation and optimize the planting structure;the southern region can choose to increase the level of scale according to local conditions,use advanced agricultural techniques to increase the fertilizer utilization rate,reduce the amount of seed,etc.;the southwest region can choose the conditional The region implemented modest scale operations,mechanized production,and optimized planting structures to optimize costs.