Research On Rural Residents Internet Adoption And Its Impact On Income In China

In rural areas of our country,the information and communication technologies have been rapidly popularized in recent years.Under the policy of actively promoting the construction of a new countryside,the government and enterprises have actively concerned about and invested in the information construction of agriculture and rural areas,and provided a large number of relevant infrastructurer.The "village phone" and "village intemet" projects promote rural information.From the current popularity of rural information equipment,television,landline and mobile phone penetration rate has been very high.On the other hand,although rural areas have implemented broadband "village-to-village" projects,the scale of internet users in rural areas and the penetration rate of the internet have been on the rise.However,the difference in internet penetration rate between urban and rural areas is still on the increase.Rural home computers have a very low ownership rate.The knowledge and ability of peasants in computer application is also relatively low.The issue of "the last mile" is also faced by "village-village broadband".The application of internet by rural residents is also low.The information needs of rural residents also face many problems.Rural network information system is not connected,and island phenomenon is more common.The research first combs the development of information consumption in our country and the present situation of rural residents' information consumption,analyzse the existing problems of rural residents' internet application,then compares and analyzes the gap between the informationization level of our country and the world's major developed countries and draws lessons from its development.Secondly,from the microscopic point of view,we analyze the preference and willingness to pay of rural residents for broadband service attributes,analyze the influential factors of rural residents 'adoption and using of internet,discuss the types of rural residents 'information needs and influencing factors,and explore the effect of using internet to rural residents income level and income gap and its mechanism.Finally,based on the above analysis,we come to the policy suggestions of narrowing the digital divide between urban and rural areas and increasing the penetration rate of rural Internet.The results show that there are still many problems about the emerging information consumption in rural areas,the digital divide between urban and rural areas still exists,the rural residents have a low level of network application and a single channel of information access,and the information awareness of rural residents is not high and the product level of information consumption is low.In recent years,although the rapid growth of China's information technology,improve the level of information of residents faster,but with the developed countries compared to the information there is still a big gap between China's mobile internet and broadband access,computer holdings and other aspects behind more.Based on the questionnaire data of 845 households in five provinces,the ordered logit model and the partial proportional odds model are used to empirically analyze the impact of economic endowments and social endowments on information demand.The results showed that the demand of farmers for agricultural production information and development information were relatively large.The economic endowments and social endowments of farmers had a positive impact on the demand for information.The increase of farmers' non-agricultural income could promote their demand for living information but decrease its demand for agricultural production information and the total amount of information demand.Cooperatives in rural areas play a role of information collection and distribution,can provide information services for local farmers,so cooperatives have a negative effect on the total amount of information needs,agricultural production and development information needs.The information service stations have increased the demand for information on the development of farmers.Therefore,raising the economic level of rural residents can increase their demand for information,especially in areas with poorly developed economy,and encourage village leaders to take the lead in stimulating rural residents' information needs.Based on the survey data of farmers in four provinces of four provinces,this paper divides the rural residents into five types according to the time of engaging in non-agricultural work.Taking the mobile Internet and broadband as examples,this paper uses Heckman model to analysis internet adoption and using time,and verify the impact of non-agricultural on internet adoption mechanism.The results show that:the level of non-agricultural impact on the internet adoption and using time were inverted U-shaped and U-type,that is the probability of semi-peasants accepting the internet is the highest,while the time of using the internet is the shortest.Because migrant rural residents imitate the consumption patterns of urban residents and drive effect within the family,there is a herding effect of non-agricultural on peasants' adoption of the internet,and this effect is more effective in driving broadband than mobile internet;long-term migrant rural residents to enjoy broadband services in urban areas,which reduces their willingness to open broadband in rural areas,so non-agricultural of broadband adoption of alternative effects,the effect was significantly less than the herding effect.Therefore,at the stage of vigorously increasing the internet penetration rate,rural laborers are encouraged to gradually shift from agricultural production to non-agricultural work that will help increase the penetration rate of rural internet.With the application of the internet in rural life and production,encourages the part-time residents becomes a professional peasant or professional worker,which is beneficial to the application of the internet in agricultural production and life.Strengthen the herding effect of non-agriculturalization on farmers' adoption of the internet.We will take advantage of the leading role of non-agricultural work in the village to increase the willingness of rural residents to adopt the internet.Analyzing the preference and willingness to pay of rural residents to broadband service attributes from a microscopic perspective.Based on the questionnaire survey data of farmers in the four provinces,this part uses the method of joint analysis of choice,and the random parameter model and sub-category model.The result shows that rural residents' estimates of property preferences such as high-speed broadband,free-to-air services,and carriers offering broadband services are all significant.Farmers have the highest preference for broadband speeds,followed by broadband complimentary services,offering broadband service operator attributes.64%of sample households prefer low-cost initial installation and affordable broadband products.The age and family income significantly affect their choice of broadband speed.Therefore,for the current situation of slow network speed,unstable signal,high internet cost in rural areas of China,the government should improve the investment and financing policies for informationization and increase the speed of internet in rural areas.Due to the remote and impoverished rural areas,the scale of benefits of telecom operators' investment is low.The government should give operators subsidies for initial construction and increase financial investment in rural information infrastructure construction.In addition,this paper also analyzes the impact of using the internet on rural residents' income and income disparity.Based on the CFPS2014 micro-survey data,taking into account the sample selection bias and heterogeneity,this paper uses endogenous conversion models to estimate the impact of using internet for rural residents on income.The results show that the income of residents using the internet is increased by 3911.63 yuan,further using Fields decomposition found that internet has widened the income gap among residents,with a contribution rate of 12.6%.In addition,the internet has increased incomes from different sources,especially the impact on agricultural incomes.Meanwhile,the internet has broken the age restriction on income growth,while has also increased the gap of income affected by gender and education levels.Therefore,more rural residents are encouraged to use the internet.However,we must be alert to the further expansion of the income gap between residents brought about by the use of internet.At the same time,we should continue training the use of internet in rural areas to increase the income channels of rural residents.Information consumption is development rapidly in rural areas.Reducing the digital divide between urban and rural areas requires not only improving internet penetration in rural areas,but also improving rural residents 'ability to apply the internet and their ability to apply information,raising rural residents' awareness of information and mining their information needs.If this the internet can truly become a factor of production in rural areas.To raise the income level of rural residents and further promote the strategy of rural rejuvenation through the emerging information technology of the internet.