A Study Of China Tropical Regions Farmers' Planting Structure Adjustment

The area of tropical regions in China accounts for about 5%of the land area of the country.There is plenty of light,heat,and abundant water resources in the region.The biological environment is diverse and it has unique resource advantages.However,with the exception of the Pearl River Delta,southern Fujian,and the coastal areas of Guangdong,other tropical regions are mostly ethnic minorities,frontier regions,and poverty-stricken areas.The economic development is relatively backward and the living standard of peasants is not high.How to give full play to the advantages of resources in the tropics and adjust and optimize the planting structure is an important way for economic development in these regions and for peasants to shake off poverty,and it is also an important means to ensure the prosperity and stability of our frontier and minority areas.To this end,the National "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" puts forward:"Building Famous and Excellent New and Slender Tropical Crops Industrial Zones in Areas with Suitable Climate Conditions".In 2016,the "Central No.1" document put forward "Strive to develop hot-working agriculture".Farmers are the main part of the adjustment of planting structure in the tropical region of China.Giving full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of farmers and allowing farmers to benefit from structural adjustment are the key to the structural reform of the supply side of tropical agriculture in the new period.This study uses peasant household behavior as an entry point,systematically uses theories of planned behavior,technology diffusion,family endowments,and is based on the UN Food and Agriculture Organization of China(FAO)statistics,China Agriculture Yearbook,Hainan Statistical Yearbook and the Ministry of Agriculture's development of the South Asian Subtropical Crops Office.Statistical data and other data,including field survey data from five counties(cities)of Zhangzhou,Wenchang,Lingshui,Changjiang and Qiongzhong in Hainan Province,and micro-data from the Hainan Observation Point of the National Rural Fixed Observation Point,will be quantitative and qualitative,static,and By combining the dynamics,the basic situation of planting structure adjustment in the tropical regions of China is systematically analyzed,and the decision-making mechanism for farmers'planting structure adjustments is in-depth explored,in order to provide certain policy references for advancing the structural reform of the agricultural supply side in the tropics of China.The results show that:(1)The planting structure in the tropical region of China is in constant adjustment,showing a certain regularity.With the improvement of economic development,the proportion of grain crops in tropical areas has dropped significantly,and the proportion of specialty products such as tropical fruits and vegetables has continued to rise."Features + Advantages" is the main orientation of the adjustment of planting structure in the tropics in the new period,further reducing traditional products that lack competitiveness,and intensively developing highly efficient special economic crops.(2)Further verification of the basic hypothesis of "reasonable economic man" for peasant households in the tropics.The adjustment of planting structure is in line with the objective laws of behavioral science.Before the farmers decide to adjust the planting structure,they will first assess the objective of adjusting crop efficiency,own cultivation techniques,sources of production information,and product sales channels.(3)The abundance of family resources is the main basis for the adjustment of farmers' planting structure.Farmers with more abundant household resources are more inclined to adjust and optimize planting structure.From the static empirical analysis,variables such as land area,annual planting income,average education level,participation in planting associations or cooperative organizations,and whether or not to participate in technical guidance have significant positive effects on farmers' cropping structure adjustment;from dynamic empirical analysis,annual crops The net income,household arable land area,the original value of household fixed assets,policy income,etc.have a significant positive impact on the adjustment of farmers' planting structure.Based on the above research results,this study recommended that the method of farmers' welcome and in line with the laws of the market economy should be adopted to guide the adjustment of the planting structure in the tropics in China:Firstly,strengthen the market construction,and guide the transformation of planting options from "production-oriented" to "market-oriented";Secondly,promote the promotion of advanced technologies and to guide the transformation of production from"element-driven" to "innovation-driven".Thirdly,encourage moderate-scale operations,guide production methods from "decentralized operations" to "centralized operations".Fourthly,cultivate professional cooperation organizations,to guide business decision-making from the "individual decision-making" to "collective decision-making" change;Fifthly,strengthen policy funding support,and guide the support changes from the "subsidy-based" to "combination of finance and financial".